... heart surgery, which occurswith an incidence between 0.5% to 6.5%. It may becaused either b y injury of the thoracic d uct, increasedpressure in the systemic veins exceeding that in thethoracic ... treatment, and two patientsfinally died.Conclusions: Chylothorax may appear due to injury of the thoracic duct, due to venous or lymphatic cong estion,central vein thrombosis, or diffuse injury of ... mediastinal lymphatic tissue in association with secondary chestclosure. Application of MCT alone was effective in 71%, and more invasive treatments like TPN should not be used in primary routine....