FUNDAMENTALS OF DATABASE SYSTEMS Fourth Edition phần 3 ppt

... SALARYSUPERSSNDNOJohn BSmith1 234 56789 30 000 33 34455555FranklinT Wong 33 344555540000 8886655555RameshKNarayan666884444 38 000 33 3445555 5JoyceAEnglish4 534 534 53 25000 33 34455555AliciaJZelaya999887777 ... 21 234 5678927.5ProductY24 534 534 53 220.0ProductY2 33 3445555210.0ProductZ 3 666884444 3 40.0ProductZ 3 333 445555 3 10.0Computerization10 33 3445555 10 10.0Computerization10999887777 10 10.0Computerization1098798798710 35 .0Reorganization20 33 34455552010.0Reorganization2098765 432 1 ... 10.0Computerization1098798798710 35 .0Reorganization20 33 34455552010.0Reorganization2098765 432 1 2015.0Reorganization20888665555 20nullNewbenefits 30 987987987 30 5.0Newbenefits 30 98765 432 1 30 20.0Newbenefits 30 999887777 30 30 .0r.}.>Thesegroupsarenot}~selectedbytheHAVINGcondition of0 26.}}}AfterapplyingtheWHERE...

... I11222 3 311222222 3 31020201 234 567891 234 567891 234 567891 234 567891 234 567896668844446668844444 534 534 53 4 534 534 53 4 534 534 53 4 534 534 53 4 534 534 53 333 445555 33 3445555 33 3445555 33 3445555 33 3445555 33 3445555 33 3445555 33 3445555FIGURE10.6 Result of applyingNATURAL ... wecansee,DLOCATIONSBellaireSugarlandHoustonStaffordHouston{Bellaire,Sugarland,Houston}{Stafford}{Houston}DLOCATION 33 344555598765 432 1888665555 33 3445555 33 3445555 33 344555598765 432 1888665555DMGRSSNDMGRSSN_=~=~_L-=D.:.:.M:.::G~R=SS:::N~_IDLOCATIONS______~i ... guideline.Smith,JohnB.English,JoyceA.Smith,JohnB.English,JoyceA.Wong,FranklinT.Narayan,RameshK.Wong,FranklinT.Smith,JohnB.English,JoyceA.Smith,JohnB.English,JoyceA.Wong,FranklinT.Smith,JohnB.English,JoyceA.Wong,FranklinT.Narayan,RameshK.Wong,FranklinT.Wong,FranklinT.Narayan,RameshK.Wong,FranklinT.ENAMEBellaireBellaireSugarlandSugarlandSugarlandHoustonHoustonBellaireBellaireSugarlandSugarlandSugarlandSugarlandSugarlandSugarlandHoustonHoustonStaffordHoustonHoustonPLaCATIONPNAMEProductXProductXProductYProductYProductYProductZProductZProductXProductXProductYProductYProductYProductYProductYProductYProductZProductZComputerizationReorganizationReorganization 32 .5 32 .57.57.57.540.040.020.020.020.020.020.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.010.0HOURSSSN___IPNUMBER I11222 3 311222222 3 31020201 234 567891 234 567891 234 567891 234 567891 234 567896668844446668844444 534 534 53 4 534 534 53 4 534 534 53 4 534 534 53 4 534 534 53 333 445555 33 3445555 33 3445555 33 3445555 33 3445555 33 3445555 33 3445555 33 3445555FIGURE10.6...

... result of the query, because the constraint that a relation is a set is not enforced. Figure 08.02(a) shows the result of query Q0 on the database of Figure 07.06. 1 Page 2 13 of 8 93 Strictly ... relational databases, users were less concerned about migrating their database applications from other types of database systems for example, network or hierarchical systems to relational systems. ... ‘9 437 755 43 , ‘1998-10-01’> into . d. Insert <‘677678989’, null, ‘40.0’> into . e. Insert <‘4 534 534 53 , ‘John’, M, ‘1970-12-12’, ‘SPOUSE’> into . f. Delete the tuples with = 33 3445555’....

... andHashing411 13. 1 Introduction 412 13. 2 Secondary Storage Devices 13. 3 Bufferingof Blocks 421 13. 4 Placing File Records on Disk 13. 5 OperationsonFiles 427 13. 6 Filesof Unordered Records (Heap Files) 13. 7 ... tothe database, allotheruserscanDatabases and Database UsersDatabasesand database systems havebecomean essentialcomponent of everyday life inmodern society.Inthecourse of a day,most of ... interfaces of thestandardtransactionsdesignedandimplementedfortheir FUNDAMENTALS OF Fourth Edition DATABASE SYSTEMS Ramez ElmasriDepartment of ComputerScienceEngineeringUniversity of Texasat...

... 120.04 534 534 53 2 20.0 33 3445555 2 10.0 33 3445555 3 10.0 33 34455551010.0 33 3445555 20 10.0999887777 30 30 .0999887777 10 10.0987987987 10 35 .0987987987 30 5.098765 432 1 30 20.098765 432 1 20 ... Humble,TXM 38 000 33 34455555JoyceA English 4 534 534 53 1972-07 31 5 631 Rice, Houston, TX F 25000 33 34455555AhmadV Jabbar 9879879871969- 03- 29980 Dallas, Houston,TXM25000 98765 432 1 4JamesEBorg ... 422-11- 232 0 null 34 52 Elgin Road 749-12 53 25 3. 53 Barbara Benson 533 -69-1 238 839 -8461 738 4 Fontana Lanenull19 3. 25Charles Cooper 489-22-1100 37 6-9821 265 Lark Lane 749-649228 3. 93 Katherine...

... Sections 13. 3.1and 13. 3.2, we discusshowRAID achievesthe twoimportantobjectives of improved reliabilityandhigherperformance.Section 13. 3 .3 discusses RAID organizations. 13. 10.1Improving ... soon be reservedfor databasescontainingtens of terabytes. 13. 1.2 Storage of DatabasesDatabases typically store large amounts of datathatmustpersistover long periods of time.Thedatais ... Discusstheimportance of RequirementsCollectionandAnalysis.12.6. Consider an actual application of a database system of interest. Define therequirements of thedifferent levels of users in terms of dataneeded,...

... fortheproblem of physical database design.16.2 AnOverview of Database Tuning in Relational Systems I 541dependencies {{STUDENT,COURSE}~INSTRUCTOR,INSTRUCTOR~COURSE}.A lossless decomposi-tionofTEACHintoT1 ... database systems anddemonstrateshowconcurrentexecution of transactionscantake place in multiuser systems. Section17.1.2 definestheconcept of transactionandpresents a simple model of transactionexecution,basedonreadandwrite ... tableswhereasTEACHcanbe created as a view.16.2ANOVERVIEW OF DATABASE TUNINGINRELATIONAL SYSTEMS Aftera database is deployedandis in operation, actual use of theapplications, transac-tions,queries,andviews...

... available systems includedGEMSTONE/OPAL of GemStone Systems, ONTOS of Ontos,Objectivity of Objectivity Inc.,Versant of VersantObjectTechnology,ObjectStore of ObjectDesign,ARDENT of ARDENTSoftware,"andPOET of POETSoftware.Theserepresent ... sincethemajority of 00databases support types, we willassumethatextentsare collections of objects of thesame type fortheremainder of this section.Itiscommonin database applicationsthateachtype ... developing software applications. Databasesarenowbecoming fundamentalcomponentsin many software systems, andtraditionaldatabases were difficult to usewithobject-oriented software applicationsthataredeveloped...

... ApplicationsEMP_VTSUPERVISOR_SSNSmith1 234 56789250005 33 3445555 2002-06-1520 03- 05 -31 Smith1 234 56789 30 0005 33 3445555 20 03- 06-01nowWong 33 344555525000 4999887777 1999-08-20 2001-01 -31 Wong 33 3445555 30 0005 999887777 ... 999887777 2001-02-012002- 03- 31Wong 33 3445555400005 888665555 2002-04-01nowBrown22244777728000 4999887777 2001-05-012002-08-10Narayan666884444 38 000 5 33 3445555 20 03- 08-01nowDEPT_VTI ... in a database. Becausepart of thetheoretical foundation for some deductive database systems ismathematicallogic, such rules are often referred to as logic databases.Othertypes of systems, ...

... centralizedDBMS?25 .3. Whatarethemainsoftware modules of aDDBMS?Discussthemainfunctions of each of these modules inthecontext of theclient-serverarchitecture.25.4.Whatis a fragment of a relation?Whatarethemaintypes ... represent attributes of records of a file or, in terms of relations, columns of rows of a relation,andcanbe categorical or quantitative.Categorical attributeshavea finite set of valuesthatdisplay ... Semistructured,andUnstructuredDataI8 43 Company ProjectsName•"Product X"Project• •"1 234 56789" "Smith"Project• • 32 .5 " 435 435 435 "•"Joyce"•20.0FIGURE...