... other hand, Krokene and Solheim [26], inoculating the same fungal isolates in largetrees and seedlings, found that seedling inoculation could bea reliable way of determining the virulence of bark ... ophiostomatoids and moulds, including mainly Penicillium,Trichoderma and Mucor species. Among ophiostomatoid fungi, Ophiostoma minus and O. piceae dominated, with a frequency of occurrence of 32.4 and 11.5% ... within 40–50 years old pine stands, where P. sylvestris wasthe dominant species. The selected stands showed clear symptoms of the presence of T. piniperda, including dieback, yellowing, and...