Physical Processes in Earth and Environmental Sciences Phần 2 ppt

... asFig. 2. 21 Continuity of volume: constant density case in 1D.a = areaa 2 > a1r = constantu1u 2 a1a 2 Q1Q 2 Q1= Q 2 = a1u1 = a 2 u 2 u1 > u 2 Fig. 2. 22 Continuity ... variable density case in 1D.a = areaa 2 > a1u1u 2 a1a 2 r1r 2 m 2 m1r = variablem1= m 2 = a1r1u1 = a 2 r 2 u 2 LEED-Ch- 02. qxd 11 /26 /05 12: 45 Page 33Forces and dynamics 39ABCDABCDQ in Discharge ... air at standard surface pressure and 20 °C T is 29 .2 g. The density of air is thus 29 .2/ V = 1 .21 kg m–3LEED-Ch-03.qxd 11 /27 /05 3:58 Page 4630 Chapter 2 Earth is 7 .29 и 10Ϫ5rad sϪ1. In order...

Physical Processes in Earth and Environmental Sciences Phần 5 pptx

... knowledge, dealing with fracture or rockmechanics is very important in many applied ﬁelds, as in civil engineering, mining, and hazard controls (rock and soil stability in slopes, both natural and constructed). ... as in a feather or fanfashion, parting from a single point and ending in a narrowband or fringe at both sides. The fringe is formed by an arrayof discrete en échelon fractures (Fig. 4. 72) . ... situation in Nature.A further intriguing complication is demonstrated by avibrated granular mass in a container of equal-sized grainscontaining one larger grain. The vibrations induce inter-granular...

Physical Processes in Earth and Environmental Sciences Phần 9 ppt

... 500 2, 000 > ;2, 000 Fig. 6. 32 The Atlantic nepheloid layer.LEED-Ch-06.qxd 11 /28 /05 10 :29 Page 26 2Outer Earth processes and systems 28 5TrunkchannelTributaryKelvin–Helmholtz mixing vorticesdevelop ... Ocean–land interface: coastsCoasts are dynamic interfaces between land and sea whereenergy is continuously being transferred by the action oftraveling waves, including the tide. This incoming ... density inversions and mixing of the epilimnion with the deep hypolimnion.Melting of winter ice causes wholesale sinking of cold sur-face water, giving rise to the spring overturn. In earlyspring...

Physical Processes in Earth and Environmental Sciences Phần 1 pdf

... 1954 .20 Heat transport by convection, 197Further reading, 20 2Chapter 5 Inner Earth processes and systems, 20 35.1 Melting, magmas, and volcanoes, 20 35 .2 Plate tectonics, 22 3Further reading, 23 6Chapter ... Outer Earth processes and systems, 23 76.1 Atmosphere, 23 76 .2 Atmosphere–ocean interface, 24 86.3 Atmosphere–land interface, 25 46.4 Deep ocean, 25 66.5 Shallow ocean, 26 36.6 Ocean–land interface: ... measured the features on Earth, beginning with rod and knotted rope and ending withsatellite GPS and Total Station Surveying. According toHerodotus (c .2, 484–c .2, 420 ka) and later authors, theword...

Physical Processes in Earth and Environmental Sciences Phần 3 pot

... sin u = sz A; sz= sin u s3cos u = sx / s1sin u = sz / s3sin 2 u + cos 2 u = 1.0(18)since:s1 2 s3 2 s3 2 sx 2 + sz 2 + sy 2 = 1 s1 2 s3 2 sx 2 ... identities: Considering the trigonometric identity: 2 cos 2 u = 1 + cos 2u 2 sin 2 u = 1– cos 2u and sin u cos u = sin 2u 2 LEED-Ch-03.qxd 11 /27 /05 4 :24 Page 79some rocks that are absolutely reluctant ... equations.2utttsns1s3snsns1 + s3 2 ++_sn_2u = 0°2utttsns1s3s1− s3 2 s1− s3 2 s1 + s3 2 s1− s3 2 Mean normal stresst = sin 2usn = + cos 2us1 + s3 2 s1− s3 2 cos 2uDifferential...

Physical Processes in Earth and Environmental Sciences Phần 4 pdf

... lЈ1 2 lЈ3 – lЈ1 sin 2 u 2 2f2flЈ3 – lЈ1 cos 2 f 2 l3l1g =tan cf(b)(d)(c)(a)+ cRЈEquation 5 relates the ratio between the angularstrain g and the linear strain l, ... Interface-spreadingundercutting current jetAmbient liquid NA NA Degassing bubbles in Sinking plume Neutral Rising plumemagma or lava Bottom-spreading stability Spreading jet and undercutting wall jet4 .2 Fluid ... Reynolds’ acceleration. In fact, quadrants 2 and 4 dominate, givingdeceleration and implying a “structure” to turbulence.LEED-Ch-04.qxd 11 /26 /05 13 :24 Page 116Flow, deformation, and transport 111frictional...

Physical Processes in Earth and Environmental Sciences Phần 6 pot

... all hinge points and the in ection linejoining all the in ection points (b) and (c). Cylindrical folds, as in (a) and (b), have a fold axis which is any line parallel to the hinge line ofconstant ... folds (the hinge line isalways horizontal) and ﬁnally, folds having inclined axialsurfaces are called steeply, moderately, or gently inclinedfolds depending on the inclination. Inclined folds ... plateboundary and a magmatic arc in both intra-oceanic and continental active margins. Thrust faulting results in crustal shortening and thickening (Fig. 4.100c, d). Thrust and fold belts are limited in...

Physical Processes in Earth and Environmental Sciences Phần 7 pps

... ions and also join to aluminum ions in linked rings. The linked groups are said to be in a state ofpolymerization and are a feature of silicate melts. It is thecontinuous, polymer-like, linkage ... 20 9polymerization and thus cause a reduction in viscosity and melting temperature. Also, water has a corrosive effect onSi–O bonds and has a key role in lowering rock meltingpoints (and thus a major role in ... volcano.LEED-Ch-05.qxd 11 /27 /05 2: 21 Page 22 15.1.8 Magma bodies – crystallization in chambers and plutonsNotwithstanding doubts concerning the upward move-ment en masse of single large-scale magmatic...

Physical Processes in Earth and Environmental Sciences Phần 8 doc

... and G. Schubert (Cambridge, 20 02) .Probably the best intermediate level text is C.M.R Fowler’sThe Solid Earth (Cambridge, 20 05).LEED-Ch-05.qxd 11 /27 /05 2: 22 Page 23 6Inner Earth processes and ... Earth is nearest theSun, by about 4.6и106km, on 2 3 January and furthestOuter Earth processes and systems 24 7Vernal equinoxMarch 20 Autumnal equinoxSept. 22 Summer solsticeJune 21 Winter ... past 25 0 kyaxial tiltMarch 20 Sept. 22 June 21 axisTODAY 5.5 KA 11 KA(b) Precession of the Earth (c) Precession of the equinoxes(d)June 21 June 21 Dec. 21 Dec. 21 Dec. 21 March 20 March 20 Sept....

Tài liệu Adding restrictions to datatable and datacolumn objects phần 2 pptx

... true ); One thing to keep in mind when adding constraints to a DataTable is that it knows only about the rows you store in it; it doesn't know about any other rows stored in the actual ... the following scenario that involves primary keys: 1. You add a primary key constraint to a DataTable. 2. You retrieve a subset of the rows from a database table and store them in your DataTable. ... seed is the initial value and the step is the increment added to the last number and they are both set to 1 for ProductID. The ProductID identity values are therefore 1, 2, 3, and so on. ...

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