Geography and Oceanography - Chapter 16 ppsx

... up into rivers and estuaries. • SST sensors will combine the IR and Microwave channels to provide all-weather SST fields with higher resolution. • These satellite data and in-water data from ... year), Wind and Height data closer to the coast and higher resolution; All-Weather SST; Hyperspectral data New technologies collect subsurface data in the water – gliders, AUV. Smaller and more ... field-of-view. Specific Examples Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Perhaps the most „standard‟ measurement from satellites Passive meaurement. Traditionally used infrared (IR) emission - strong...

... 1990sDIC ± 2 µmol kg -1 TA ± 4 µmol kg -1 -5 050100150200050100150200250300350400450Carbonate ion concentration (µmol kg -1 )Coral Calcification rate mmol m -2 d -1 Net DissolutionNet ... precipitationΩ = 1 =equilibriumΩ < 1 =dissolutionCO2 + CO3 2- + H2O 2HCO3 - ⇔=[Ca2+] [CO3 2- ]K*sp, phaseCa2+ + CO3 2- CaCO3→→Photos courtesy Katie FaganAfter Turley et al., ... negativeCaCO3 dissolution-water higher CO3 2- /lower org. transport Neg./pos.Increasing SST Convert ocean HCO3 - to CO2positiveIncreased stratification Reduced mixing and transport positiveIncreased...

... of Constant Proportionse.g., SO4 2- /Cl - is a constant, independent of salinityThis means we need measure only one ion to get salinity; i.e., Cl - Today salinity is measured quickly ... the Pacific, the Atlantic is actually significantly saltier because of the evaporation-precipitation cycle and the Isthmus of Panama plus input from the Mediterranean Sea...

... of ocean floor”Translational❥Translational - strike-slip faulting–transform faults (active) - San Andreas Fault–fracture zones (inactive) - Mendocino FZ...

... Physical Geography & Marine Geology – UC-Santa BarbaraOther interests:✦Family - wife, Environmental Policy research at OSU - son and daughter, both OSU graduates✦Soccer coaching - old ... rocks✦Hotspots and flood basaltsHotspots and flood basalts✦Environmental impacts of Environmental impacts of catastrophic volcanismcatastrophic volcanism✦Tectonics and climate changeTectonics and ... tsunamis…–over-fishing of important fish species…–the Earth’s physical resources being over-used…GEO/OC 103Exploring the Deep: Geography of the World’s OceansLectures MWF1:00 - 1:50 p.m.Gilfillan...

... September)http://maps.grida.no/go/graphic/arctic-sea-ice-minimum-extent-in-september-1982 -and- 2008 (Accessed April 16 2009)Wednesday, April 13, 2011Arctic Sea Ice (minimum annual extent, September)http://maps.grida.no/go/graphic/arctic-sea-ice-minimum-extent-in-september-1982 -and- 2008 ... September)http://maps.grida.no/go/graphic/arctic-sea-ice-minimum-extent-in-september-1982 -and- 2008 (Accessed April 16 2009)Wednesday, April 13, 2011IPCC 2007Wednesday, April 13, 2011Wednesday, April 13, 2011Paleoceanography and Climate ... 2011Wednesday, April 13, 2011Wednesday, April 13, 2011 * * * * *Rain – enriched in 18O -1 0 -2 -2 0 -7 -3 0 -4 0 -3 0Wednesday, April 13, 2011Paleoclimate Proxy Records•Historical Documents (~1000...

... Your Generation187 0-1 900 US Railroad system built194 0-1 970 Interstate highway system196 0-1 970 Apollo mission to the Moon195 0-1 990 Cold War, nuclear threat196 0-1 980 Green revolution, ... Arctic Ocean and Sea IceMarine Energy – Wave MotionEnergy generated by waves (Dr Brekken) and tidesSolutions are Clear and ReachableNo fine-tuning yet, but we know how to keep <2°C, and so prevent ... Species – Zebra MusselEverybody Likes a Challenge199 0-2 010 Recognizing climate change201 0-? ??? Mitigation and AdaptationMarine Pollution - DDTLevels of organic pollutants may be low, but...

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... tail” for lift and propulsionROUNDED fin (e.g., angelfish)very flexible, slow-speed manueveringBuilt for Speed•speed related to body length–4-foot yellowfin tuna, 46 mph–13-foot bluefin ... (theoretically)–9-foot porpoise, 25 mph–30-foot killer whale, 34 mphFORKED fin (e.g., yellow goatfish)somewhat flexible, manueveringColossal Squid CapturedWellington, NZ, April 2003330 pounds - 16 feet ... Basic Ecology•factors regulating the distribution and abundance of organisms in the ocean. •influence of physical and chemical parameters on organisms in the various ecosystems...

... are in Short Supply?Nitrogen (N) as Nitrate NO3 (-2 )Phosphorus (P) as Phosphate PO4 (-2 )Silicon (Si) as Silicate SiO4 (-2 )Dead and decaying organic matter sinks downward from surface ... plants - restricted to shallow waters (light)Benthic animals occur everywhere from shallow depths to the deep sea.Basic Ecologyphysical and chemical parameters affecting distribution and ... complex sugars and oxygenLauderia sp.Distribution of Marine Lifestyles 16. 7% of Earth’s animals are marine2% inhabit pelagic environment (most of the oceans are cold and dark)98%...