... whole income and asset portfolio rather than solely the poultry income, thereby providing a more accurate measure of the impact of the disease. If one looked only at the impact of HPAI on the income ... No information is available on the costs of culling, diagnostic testing of samples, cleaning and disinfection, and other administrative costs (Obi, Oparinde, and Maina 2008). Regarding the ... post vindication by revealing the significant interregional disparities in households' income and asset portfolios. As explained previously, most of the studies looking at the effect of these...