Chapter 081 Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 7) docx
Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 7) docx
... described in Chapter 80, successful tumors have activated biochemical pathways that lead to uncontrolled proliferation through the Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 7) Karnofsky ... providing a basis for patients to make sensible choices. Cancer Drugs: Overview and Principles for Use Cancer drug treatments are of four broad types. Conventional chemotherapy agents were ... connotes disappearance of all tumor; progression of disease signifies an increase in size of existing lesions by >25% from baseline or best response or development of new lesions; and "stable"...
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Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 1) docx
... benefit. One of the challenges of cancer treatment is to use the various treatment modalities alone and together in a fashion that maximizes the chances for patient benefit. Cancer treatments ... attention to minimizing the toxicity of potentially toxic treatments becomes a significant goal. Irrespective of the clinical scenario, the guiding principle of cancer treatment should be primum succerrere, ... this "organ-like" behavior of tumors may provide additional clues to cancer control and treatment. treatment has the potential to cause harm, and treatment may be given that produces...
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Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 13) docx
... incidence of anaphylaxis with early preparations of the drug has led to the practice of administering a test dose of 0.5–1 unit before the rest of the dose. The most feared complication of bleomycin ... sarcoma and ovarian cancer. Bleomycin refers to a mixture of glycopeptides that have the unique feature of forming complexes with Fe2+ while also bound to DNA. Oxidation of Fe2+ gives rise ... p53 and Rb pathway lesions as the result of defective checkpoint mechanisms in cancer cells. Owing to the role of topoisomerase I in the procession of the replication fork, topoisomerase I poisons...
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Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 25) docx
... tumor penetration). Cytokines Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 25) Antibodies In general, antibodies are not very effective at killing cancer cells. Because the tumor ... grow very large quantities of high-affinity antibody directed at a tumor by the hybridoma technique has led to the application of antibodies to the treatment of cancer. There are >70 separate ... colorectal cancer refractory to chemotherapy, particularly when utilized to augment the activity of an additional chemotherapy program, and in the primary treatment of head and neck cancers treated...
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Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 2) ppsx
... those with pancolonic involvement with ulcerative colitis), the presence of Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 2) Figure 81-1 ... Principles of Cancer Surgery Surgery is used in cancer prevention, diagnosis, staging, treatment (for both localized and metastatic disease), palliation, and rehabilitation. Prophylaxis Cancer ... incisional biopsy is the procedure of second choice. A wedge of tissue is removed, and an effort is made to include the majority of the cross-sectional diameter of the tumor in the biopsy to minimize...
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Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 3) pps
... information for treatment planning and may determine the extent and nature of primary cancer treatment. Treatment Surgery is the most effective means of treating cancer. Today about 40% of cancer ... resection of certain tumors that would otherwise not be possible. Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 3) Staging As noted in Chap. 77, an important component of patient ... including local control of tumor, preservation of organ function, debulking that permits subsequent therapy to work better, and staging information on extent of involvement. Cancer surgery aiming...
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Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 4) pdf
... Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 4) Palliation Surgery is employed in a number of ways for supportive care: insertion of central venous catheters, control of pleural ... for recurrent pulmonary emboli, stabilization of cancer- weakened weight-bearing bones, and control of hemorrhage, among others. Surgical bypass of gastrointestinal, urinary tract, or biliary ... (Fig. 81-2). Plotting the fraction of surviving cells against doses of x-rays or gamma radiation, the curve has a shoulder that reflects the cell's repair of sublethal damage, followed by...
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Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 5) ppt
... the target volume is often the cause of complications to tissues in the transit volume, and the minimum dose in the target Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 5) Although ... include the D0 of the tumor (the dose required to deliver an average of one lethal hit to all the cells in a population), the Dq of the tumor (the threshold dose—a measure of the cell's ... basis of the amount of radiation absorbed in the patient; it is not based on the amount of radiation generated by the machine. The rad (radiation absorbed dose) is defined as 100 erg of energy...
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Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 6) ppsx
... dose of therapeutic radiation exists below which the incidence of second cancers is decreased. High rates of second tumors occur in people who receive as little as 1000 cGy. Chapter 081. Principles ... breast cancer, Hodgkin's disease, head and neck cancer, prostate cancer, and gynecologic cancers. Radiation therapy can also palliate disease symptoms in a variety of settings: relief of bone ... Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 6) Application to Patients Teletherapy Radiation therapy can be used alone or together with chemotherapy to produce cure of localized tumors and control of...
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Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 8) ppt
... Neuroblastoma Chapter 081. Principles of Cancer Treatment (Part 8) Principles of Chemotherapy Medical oncology is the subspecialty of internal medicine that cares for and designs treatment ... Chemotherapy may be employed after the failure of these modalities to eradicate a local tumor or as part of multimodality approaches to offer primary treatment to a clinically localized tumor. ... metastatic cancers. If a tumor is localized to a single site, serious consideration of surgery or primary radiation therapy should be given, as these treatment modalities may be curative as local treatments....
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