... order to make our refusals softer
and more polite.
A: Could I hand in my homework tomorrow?
B: I’m sorry, but you can’t. It’s due today.
CHAPTER 17 : MODAL VERBS OF REQUEST AND PERMISSION
A - MODALS ... speak to strangers or to people in authority.
Less formal More formal
To a friend: Can you tell me the time? To a stranger: Could you tell me the time?
Mother to Child: Will...
... USES:
Referring to Activities and States:
+ We use infinitives and gerunds to refer to activities or states.
For example:
Activities States
He loves to play tennis. They hate to be cold.
He loves ... object.
For example:
Direct Object + TO/ FOR + Indirect Object Indirect Object + Direct Object
He told his name to the teacher. He told the teacher his name.
He said his name to...
... double the final
consonant and add - ing.
Hit – hitting stop - stopping
5. Do not double the final consonants x, w, and y.
Fix – fixing grow – growing obey - obeying
CHAPTER 7 – ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY
... (exception: being)
live – living write - writing
3. If the base from ends in ie, change ie to y and add – ing.
die – dying lie - lying
4. If the base form of a one...
... TV,
telephone) that are familiar to you and a listener in everyday life.
For example: 1. A: I’m going to the doctor this morning. Can I borrow your car?
B: Sure.
2. A: Hello. I’m here to see Ms. Stephens.
... like to sit down and wait?
Use the definite article for a noun that is unique. (the only one)
For example: 1. The earth revolves around the sun.
2. Tokyo is the capital o...
... Perhaps she’ll find a new job.
CHAPTER 13 and CHAPTER 14
THE FUTURE WITH Be Going To, WILL, and The present Continuous
Affirmative : S + is / are / am + going to + V (bare infinitive) + O
S ... GOING TO and THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS to talk
about intentions or future plans.
For example: 1. I’m going to study hard for the test. (= I am studying hard for the test.)
2. She’s go...
... consonant + O, add –s or –es.
-s -es both – s and –es
Auto – autos potato – potatoes tornado – tornados / tornadoes
Photo – photos tomato – tomatoes volcano – volcanos / volcanoes
Piano – pianos zero ... nouns refer to locations.
For example: 1. Mr. Clark is on the telephone. / 2. The school is in town.
3. Medford is near the city. / 4. Steve is from Boston.
CHAPTER 2: INTRODUCTION T...
... afford a couple hundred dollars to pay for a plumber on her own. So I took the
opportunity to learn how to fix it myself. I went to the library and found a great fix-it-yourself
book. In just a few ... opportunity to get some exercise—something I'd been
wanting to do anyway. I had to walk a mile each day to get to the bus stop and back. But in the
meantime, I got the ch...