Springer Old Growth Forests - Chapter 9 potx

... (Brais et al. 199 5; De Luca et al.C. Wirth et al. (eds.), Old Growth Forests, Ecological Studies 207, 193 DOI: 10.1007 /97 8‐3‐540‐ 92 706‐8 9, # Springer Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 20 09 2002). This ... south-eastAlaska (Noble et al 198 4; Chapin et al. 199 4). Two are in the temperate zone, i.e.the Franz Josef sequence of Westland, New Zealand (Walker and Syers 197 6;Wardle and Ghani 199 5; Richardson ... Manage 76:181 1 89 Chadwick OA, Derry LA, Vitousek PM, Huebert BJ, Hedin LO ( 199 9) Changing sources ofnutrients during four million years of ecosystem development. Nature 397 : 491 497 Chapin FS,...

Springer Old Growth Forests - Chapter 11 potx

... 33, 595 500 9, 740 18,751Mean 14, 297 27,524Law et al. 2003 1 100 23 6 ,91 8 6 ,91 8 9 12,686 12,68616 5,380 5,380 69 4,060 4,06056 7,634 7,634 89 7,868 7,868105 9, 699 9, 699 93 6 ,90 6 6 ,90 6 96 7,361 ... 9, 94762 4, 092 9, 3 29 Mund 2004 1 15 111 3,221 7,343141 4,177 9, 523153 4,307 9, 8 19 Mean 4,032 9, 192 38 4,373 9, 9 69 55 4,112 9, 3742 15 85 4,161 9, 486102 4, 598 10,482171 4,367 9, 956Mean 4,322 9, 853122 ... 20,802300 13,000 17, 791 Mean 11 ,95 7 16,3642 25 35 7,500 14 ,91 150 9, 000 17, 893 300 4,500 8 ,94 7300 6,000 11 ,92 9Mean 6,750 13,420Reiners et al. 199 4 1 10 5 1,400 5,075 9 1,300 4,712 9 1 ,90 0 6,88712...

Springer Old Growth Forests - Chapter 17 potx

... 1500 hours. From Kruijt et al. ( 199 6)17 Tropical Rain Forests as Old Growth Forests 395 Malhi Y, Nobre AD, Grace J, Kruijt B, Pereira MGP, Culf A, Scott S ( 199 8) Carbon dioxidetransfer over ... 197 8, McWilliam et al. 199 3), by photographic survey inside the canopy using suspension-wires (Koikeand Syahbuddin 199 3) or from a tower with photography (Meir et al. 2000) or state-of-the-art ... et al. (eds.), Old Growth Forests, Ecological Studies 207, 391 DOI: 10.1007 /97 8‐3‐540 92 706‐8 17,# Springer Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 20 09 et al. (2003) examined the diameter growth of six species...

Springer Old Growth Forests - Chapter 1 pot

... ( 199 6) Old growth forests: a Native American perspective. In: DavisMB (ed) Eastern old growth forests: prospects for rediscovery and recovery. Island, Washington DC, pp 101 112Trepl L ( 199 4) ... equilibrium behaviour in old- growth forests according to Odum ( 196 9), had a profound inﬂuence on the formulation ofthe Kyoto-Protocol, with negative consequences for old- growth forest protection.However ... interaction for the functioning and main-tenance of old- growth forests. Second, they take a closer look at the peculiarities ofnitrogen dynamics in old- growth forests under the low levels of nitrogen...

Springer Old Growth Forests - Chapter 2 pot

... old are forests that were labelled old- growth really?Covering three time periods ( 194 0 196 0, 197 0 198 0 and 199 5 2005), wesearched for papers containing the keyword old- growth (or old growth ) ... old- growth forests are 6 0- to 120-year -old oak stands (Laiolo et al. 2003), a 100-year -old borealNorway spruce stand (Dahlberg et al. 199 7), and a 110-year -old Balsam fir stand(Sturtevant et al. 199 7). There ... on old- growth definitions (Spies et al. 198 8;Franklin and Spies 199 1; Wells et al. 199 8; Messier and Kneeshaw 199 9; Kimmins2003) have been written by scientists who worked in the Douglas-fir/Westernhemlock...

Springer Old Growth Forests - Chapter 3 pdf

... the mere presence of old trees does not automatically indicate old- growth conditions (see Chap. 2 by Wirth et al., this volume), it is fair to saythat many old- growth forests contain a high ... are generally shorter-lived than trees (Schweingruber 199 5) and dwarf-shrubs(see below). The oldest known shrub s grow in Siberia. Hantemirov et al. (2003)found an 840-year -old Juniperus sibirica. ... dendrochronologicaltechnique of cross-dating. As shown in Fig. 3.1, this simple method allows theC. Wirth et al. (eds.), Old Growth Forests, Ecological Studies 207, 35DOI: 10.1007 /97 8‐3‐540‐ 92 706‐8 3,# Springer Verlag...

Springer Old Growth Forests - Chapter 4 ppt

... Coniferous forests Deciduous forests Intercept 324.8 11.7 27.63 <0.001 506.8 21.2 23 .9 <0.001LAI 99 .7 13.8 7.25 <0.001 93 .1 21.6 4.3 <0.001P 81 .9 17.1 4. 79 <0.001 32 .9 21.6 1.5 ... decrease in net primary productivity in old- growth forests if it occurs is related more to decreasing photosynthesis in old and tall trees (as well as in old- growth forest canopies) than to increasingrespiratory ... Ecol Evol 2 89 294 Mencuccini M, Grace J ( 199 6) Developmental patterns of above ground hydraulic conductance ina Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) age sequence. Plant Cell Environ 19: 9 39 948Minchin...

Springer Old Growth Forests - Chapter 5 ppt

... 20 1- to 400-year -old stands (early old- growth) are either carbon-neutral or still accumulating carbon. Few successionsexhibited a pronounced late-successional decline. These results are consis-tent ... as early-, mid- or late-successional. The mecha-nism by which these three guilds replace each other may vary (West et al. 198 1;Glenn-Lewin et al. 199 2). The model developed in this chapter ... hypothesis’ of Bormann and Likens ( 197 9) and its generalisations (e.g.Peet 198 1, 199 2; Shugart 198 4); (3) the hypothesis of Shugart and West ( 198 1),which we term the ‘shifting-traits hypothesis’; and...

Springer Old Growth Forests - Chapter 6 ppt

... higher light in old- growth than in second -growth tropical forests (Nicotra et al. 199 9).6 Functional Relationships Between Old Growth Forest Canopies 1 19 environments (Nicotra et al. 199 9; Moorcroft ... Comparisons with second -growth forests arealso often made to highlight the uniqueness of old- growth forests. 6.2 Structural and Compositional Features of Old- Growth Old- growth forests possess distinct ... shade-tolerant plants (Lieff ers et al. 199 9; Ballare´ 199 9). However, light quality is knownto ﬂuctuate in the same manner as light quantity (Lieffers et al. 199 9).Compared to second -growth forests, ...

Springer Old Growth Forests - Chapter 7 ppt

... of old- growth forests are expected to inﬂu-ence biosphere atmosphere exchange of such forests. In this chapter we will focuson structural features of old- growth, i.e. the fact that old- growth ... carbonexchange of forests along ecosystem development where old- growth forests areconsidered to be carbon neutral (Odum 196 9; Salati and Vose 198 4; Jarvis 198 9;Melillo et al. 199 6). More than ... al. 2004), a 25 0- yearold ponderosa pine site in Oregon (Law et al. 2001), a 300-year old Nothofagussite in New Zealand (Hollinger et al. 199 4), and 20 0- to 250-year old boreal forests (Roser...

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