... of
the
Pathans
to
Islam
were
also
called
"Sayyids"
if
they
came
from
the
west,
and
'Sheikhs"
if
they
came
from
the
east;
hence,
doubtless,
many
Pathans
falsely
claim
Sayyid
origin.
In
Afghanistan
the
Sayyids
control
much
of
the
commerce,
as
their
holy
charac-
ETHNONYMS:
Adivasis,
Backward
Classes
The
Indian
constitution
(1949)
created
broad
categories
of
underprivile...
... Provinces
and
Berar
in
191
1,
ranking
as
the
sixth-largest
caste
in
terms
of
numbers.
In
many
castes
there
is
a
separate
division
of
Ahirs,
such
as
the
Ahir
Sunars,
Sutars,
Lohars,
Shimpis,
Salic,
Guraos,
and
Kolis.
The
name
"Ahir"
is
derived
from
"Abhira,"
a
tribe
mentioned
several
times
in
inscriptions
and
the
Hindu
sacred
books.
"Goala,"
meaning
a
cowherd...
... as
many
ways
as
possible.
The
laity
support
the
wandering
ascetics,
providing
them
with
food
and
shelter,
the
ascetics
in
turn
provide
religious
and
moral
guidance.
Lay
Jains
include
some
of
India&apos ;s
leading
industrialists,
jewelers,
and
bankers,
concentrated
particularly
in
the
cities
of
Bombay,
Ahme-
dabad,
and
Delhi.
Because
so
many
are
businesspeople,
the
Jains
are
one
of
the...
... of
the
forehead
bone
is
saved
if
the
village
of
the
deceased
performs
the
an-
nual
"dry"
funeral,
or
varalda-v.
Each
step
of
both
the
"green"
funeral
and
the
"dry"
funeral
is
highly
articulated
by
means
of
special
musical
tunes
played
on
the
double-reed
instrument,
kol,
and
rhythms
on
the
barrel
drums,
do-par
and
kinvar,
and
the
frame
drum,
tabatk.
The
tu...
... Oriya
215
Boys
and
girls
marry
after
puberty,
boys
usually
at
1 6-2 0
years.
This
follows
a
period
in
which
both
sexes
sleep
in
a
youth
dormitory
(dhumkuria).
Boys
are
branded
on
the
arm
before
being
admitted
to
this
institution.
The
dormitory
pro-
vides
a
pool
of
agricultural
labor
that
can
be
hired
when
nec-
essary.
Most
Oraons
are
farmers,
and
in
the
past
they
prac-
ticed
shifting
cult...
...
Contents
Project
Staff
vi
Contributors
vii
Preface
xiii
Introduction
xix
Maps
1.
South
Asia
xxviii
2.
Cultural
Regions
of
South
Asia
xxix
3.
Major
Languages
of
South
Asia
xxx
4.
Dominant
Religious
Groups
of
South
Asia
xxxi
5.
Cultural
Groups
of
South
Asia
xxxii
Cultures
of
South
Asia
1
Appendix:
Additional
Castes,
Caste
Clusters,
and
Tribes
309
Bibliograph...
... considera-
tion
in
the
selection
of
mates,
and
there
are
some
low-ranked
Muslim
occupational
groups
that
are
perforce
highly
endogamous.
Among
Hindus
also
lineage
exogamy
is
the
Bengali
Shakta
35
Ostor,
Akos
(1980).
The
Play
of
the
Gods:
Locality,
Ideology,
Structure,
and
Time
in
the
Festivals
of
a
Bengali
Town.
Chi-
cago:
University
of
Chicago
Press.
Raychaudhuri,
Tarak
C.,
and
Bikas...
... a
diviner
has
identified
what
is
to
be
done.
There
are
all
manner
of
private
curing
rituals,
and
these
are
held
by
whomever
knows
how,
not
by
professionals;
they
tend
to
involve
sacrifices
to
intruding
spirits,
soul
recall-
ing,
and
the
leaving
of
miniature
images
of
wealth
outside
the
village
for
the
spirits.
There
are
few
definite
seasonal
calen-
drical
ceremonies,
but
village
rites
m...
... 78
Divehi
dress,
have
claimed
that
unlike
the
other
Divehis
they
had
no
divorce
or
widow
remarriage,
and
have
said
their
ancestors
were
Tamils,
though
they
have
no
knowledge
of
such
people
and
have
never
traveled
outside
their
atoll.
They
have
also
claimed
to
be
strictly
endogamous.
Other
Divehis
tradition-
ally
have
thought
of
the
Girivaru
as
dirty,
while
they
have
thought
of
other
Div...
... as
a
more
generalized
organizing
principle
in
Gurung
society.
Descent
in
terms
of
rights
to
lineage
re-
sources
and
clan
affiliation
is
patrilineal,
but
descent
through
the
mother&apos ;s
line
influences
marriage
possibilities
and
pro-
hibitions.
Kinship
Terminology.
The
Gurungs
have
a
wide
array
of
kin
terms,
which
are
highly
differentiated
and
precise.
Birth
order
and
relative
age
are...