... Switzerland.Observatory of Zurich, Switzerland.Observatory of Berne, Switzerland.Observatory of Neuchˆatel, Switzerland.Observatory of Madrid, Spain.Observatory of Lisbon, Portugal.Observatory of Naples, ... Observatory, Oakland, California.Royal Observatory, Edinburgh, Scotland.University Observatory, Cambridge, England.Observatory, Nice, France.Observatory, Marseilles, France.Observatory, Bordeaux, ... other words, α is the diameter of the photographic image of the star for an aperture of six inches and an exposuretime of one second.Taking Polaris for the standard star, the above-measured...