... approximate routes to each destina-
tion rather than exact routes. In [12, 13], each node main-
tains approximate (or less accurate) information to faraway
destinations, since the updates from faraway ... path to the destination uses its rout-
ing table to forward each data packet towards the destina-
tion. The advantage of this strategy is that routes are adapt-
able to the d...
... Mohammad Reza Ahmadi
3
, Seyyed Mohsen Hashemi
1
,
Jamshid Bagherzadeh
4
and Ahmad Khadem-Zadeh
3
Abstract
Certificate authorities (CAs) are the main components of PKI that enable us for providing ... basic security services in
wired networks and Internet. But, we cannot use centralized CAs, in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). So, many
efforts have been made to adapt CA to the s...
... routing protocols,
such as DSR and AODV. We employ the path (link) resid-
ual time and path (link) duration as adaptive parameters for
route and link caching schemes in on-demand routing proto-
cols, ... Krishnamachari, and A. Helmy,
“PATHS: analysis of PATH duration statistics and their impact
on reactive MANET routing protocols,” in Proceedings of the
4th ACM Interational Sy mposium...
... treatment
effect.
Perhaps the most important measurement property of
a quality-of-life questionnaire used in clinical trials is its
ability to reveal a minimal clinically significant change in
a particular context. ... assuming clinical stability over this
period of time and bef ore any intervention, we adminis-
tered again the Laval Questionnaire to all patients in order
to...
... 2011:18
http://jwcn.eurasipjournals.com/content/2011/1/18
Page 6 of 10
RESEARC H Open Access
A new approach to geographic routing for
location aided cluster based MANETs
SenthilVelmurugan Mangai
1*
and Angamuthu Tamilarasi
2
Abstract
Routing has been ... Engineering, Velalar College of
Engineering and Technology, Thindal, Erode-638 012, Tamil Nadu, India
Full list of author information...
... not be applied too often,
because then GA will in fact change to random
search. Our mutation operator includes a proba-
bility (3%) that an arbitrary weight in a vector will
be changed by a uniformly ... provided
with the Tool Assisting Human Assessors (TAHA)
software tool
9
that enables sentences to be easily
selected and stored for later inclusion in the doc-
ument extract....
... general case,
it would seem that characterizing a sample of the
translator’s art as a good translation is akin to charac-
terizing a case of mayhem as a good crime: in both
instances the adjective ... entry
bears the chain flag f. Sometimes, a rearrangement in
order of the strings is indicated, as a result of the above
appraisal.
7. The SC may indicate that a key t...
... words instead of word indexes in categories to
make the example easy to understand.
581
terminals in the source language, and T
e
is a set of
terminals in the target language
1
.
A string -to- dependency ... Minimum error rate training for sta-
tistical machine translation. In Erhard W. Hinrichs
and Dan Roth, editors, Proceedings of the 41st Annual
Meeting of the Association f...
... German Fed-
eral and State Governments - is to combine the tradi-
tionally separated disciplines of hydrauli c engineering
and ecotoxicology in a single experimental approach in
order to investigate ... equally to the content of the article
and gave their final approval. All authors read and approved the final
manuscript.
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no c...
... conductivity, the photoca-
talytic properties increased dramatically [3-5]. In addi-
tion, CNTs with large surface areas are ideal supporting
materials for catalysts NPs, leading to improvements in
the efficiency ... applicable for a large variety of
metal ions, thus offering a great potential application.
Introduction
The attachment of nanoparticles (NPs) on carbon nano-
materials...