... constellation with energyEr= b2rfor 1 ≤ r ≤ NB.• NQgroups of QAM symbols. The symbols of e achgroup, of size Ns, are drawn from a constellation of size Ms, with constellation coefficients ... drawn from the set of BPSK, QAM orzero constellation points with an average constellationenergy of Eι,1 ≤ ι ≤ p. That is, groups of symbols aredistinguished by the constellation type and ... demonstrates the EVM versusclipping level for the mixture of 128 B PSK modulatedtones with constellation energy bo osted by 3 d B, 128QPSK modulated tones and 256 16QAM modulatedtones (the...