The Discovery of Type II Superconductors Part 12 docx
The Discovery of Type II Superconductors Part 12 docx
... size of the superconductors and the length of the c-axis of the unit cell of the system are highly effective on both of the first and second chaotic points of the superconducting system. 2. The ... Determination of the chaotic points 3.1 The analysis of temperature dependence of magnetization The concept of chaos can be defined as the transition from one state of being to another state of being ... temperature curves of the virgin (uncut) Hg -122 3 and cut samples under a.c. magnetic field of 1 Gauss. The inset shows the real part of the magnetic moment and indicates the Meissner critical...
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The Discovery of Type II Superconductors Part 1 pdf
... Cu(+III) ions. For the other elements in Table 3, we have considered the following stable oxidation states: La(+III), Y(+III), Ba( +II) , Sr( +II) , Bi(+III), Ca( +II) , Tl(+III), Hg( +II) and O( -II) . ... coherence length is of the order of the distance between two atoms, the order of magnitude of the width of the insulator film should be about one angstrom, and the production of this film should ... Cu(+III). Metal Electron configurations Oxidation states As [Ar]3d104s24p3 +III, +V Bi [Xe]4f145d106s26p3 +III, +V Cu [Ar]3d104s1 +I, +II, +III Fe [Ar]3d64s2 +II, +III,...
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The Discovery of Type II Superconductors Part 2 pot
... reversible, the hysteresis rather small. 5. The difference in free energy of magnetized and normal superconductors was given by the area of the curve: ΔF = ∫МdH, The Discovery of Type II Superconductors ... superconductivity, the experimental side of the discovery of these superconductors, as far as the author knows, having been discussed only fragmentarily either at the early stages of the research ... the axis; the applied magnetic field was incident perpendicular to the axis of the cylinders (n = ½). The measurement of the magnetic field inside the samples was made over measurement of the...
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The Discovery of Type II Superconductors Part 4 potx
... raises the question of whether the Josephson transitions dominate in the transfer of the pair of 2D holes in the plane of the nanostructured δ - barriers and in the proximity effect due to the ... restricted to 2 nm. Therefore, the distribution of the microdefects created at the initial stage of the oxidation seems to represent the fractal of the Sierpinski Gasket type with the built-in self-assembled ... demonstrates the modulation of the critical current with the forward and reverse bias applied to the p -type Si-QW confined by the δ-barriers on the n- type Si (100) surface. Secondly, the spectrum of the...
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The Discovery of Type II Superconductors Part 6 doc
... MgB2. The parameters of Raman spectra vary with the composition of MgB2 crystals and the influence of their surroundings, which depends on both the connectivity and the disorder of the ... −−⎣⎦ (7) with Zk being the atomic number of the k-atom, r0 is the electron classic radius, α = Zk/137, β is the ratio of the electron velocity to the velocity of light, γ2 = 1/(1 -β2), ... of defects is another factor that improves the Jc, Hirr, and Hc2. However, the connectivity of the samples is also responsible for the low field Jc performance, which is free from the...
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The Discovery of Type II Superconductors Part 7 pptx
... Energies of particles were selected considering the optimisation of nuclear reaction of the projectile with the sample and the range of particles in the sample. In case of HTSC Bi-cuprates, the purpose ... a particular irradiation, d.p.a. is proportional to the fluence or dose of irradiation. Moreover, it depends on the energy and the nature of the projectile as well as the atomic number of the ... The contribution of the Cu-O2 planes was considered, taking together the effects on the oxygen and the copper atoms in those sites. The results show that the contribution to the total damage...
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The Discovery of Type II Superconductors Part 8 pot
... slowly in case of B implying lower slope of Jc-B curve for sample B. The lower values of the exponents k and m of the irradiated sample show that there is reduction of the distance of the pinning ... matrix of intensity values, I(r), associated with the intensity of the interference at each point of the image. The characteristics of the CCD camera determine the intensity level range and the ... Table -II. At high dose of irradiation however, there will be appreciable generation of cationic vacancies too by displacement of either of Bi, Sr, Ca, Cu. There is a possibility of combination of...
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The Discovery of Type II Superconductors Part 9 potx
... usually added to the 123 powders before melt processing. These extra particles are partly utilized in the liquid phase for growth of the 123 matrix, partly are trapped in the RE -123 matrix (see ... content of Ti enhances flux pinning of the NEG -123 material. To find more about the pinning effect of Ti nanoparticles in NEG -123 , we examined the microstructure of the samples in detail using the ... decomposition of LRE -123 in the partial-melted region during the melt-texturing process. On the other hand, the small round particles of 20-50 nm size contained a significant amount of Ti, similar to the...
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The Discovery of Type II Superconductors Part 10 ppt
... uniformity or on the shapes, packing and alignment of the regions and/or pores of the size larger than the resolution. Further development of the technique and improvement of the resolution is ... Fig. 17. The elemental content in the new nanoparticles in the material from Fig. 16. Note the significant amount of Nb in all nanoparticles. The last NEG -123 material features the highest ... amount of the brighter regions is likely to enhance from A to D and, hence, the amount of the high density regions in the material is enhancing. At the same time the homogeneity of the samples...
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The Discovery of Type II Superconductors Part 11 pot
... was reported that the superconducting properties of these materials are affected with increase of the amount of doping, regardless of the nature of the dopants. The repression of superconductivity ... to study the Figure of merit of the ceramic superconductors. One of the important thermomagnetic transport quantities is the electrothermal conductivity and is shown to be one of the powerful ... Diameter of crystal particle, particle sizes are determined and the diameter of the crystal particles lies between 172 – 512 Å. Fig. 5. Indexed x-ray diffraction pattern of the sample after the...
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