... cross-reactpartially with C3 and angiotensinogen [18].The biologic function of PAPP-A is not clear. PAPP-A is a protease forIGFBP-4 and -5 [19]. Following cleavage, the affinity of IGFBPs for IGF-I and -II is ... leukemia inhibiting factor (LIF) and IL-1 and thegrowth factor heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF) [5]. IL-8 and MCP-1 are expressed by endometrial glandular and lumenal epithelial cells[68,69] ... Obstet Gynecol Clin N Am 31 (2004) 727–744 732 Using a 3- day or greater lag to define a LPD, the incidence of single and sequential out-of-phase endometrial biopsies was 31 .4% and 6.6%, respectively.Furthermore,...