... Harrington Department of Bioengineering, Fulton School of Engineering ASU, Tempe AZ, USAFull list of author information is available at the end of the articleAkkurt et al. Journal of NeuroEngineering ... absorbed rapidly by the body, either through the skinor smoking, crosses the blood-brain barrier and stimu-lates nicotinic-cholinergic receptors of the CNS, causingan increase in heart rate, blood ... and 2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cullen College of Engineering, University of Houston, Houston TX, USAReferences1. Brautbar N: Direct effects of nicotine on the brain: evidence for...