... greater in the HIV-1Tg rats than in the F344. In the ET HIV-1Tg and F344 (LL+L) rats in the spleen, the LPS-induced increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines was diminished and that of the anti-inflammatory ... SS+S). The gene expression of 84 cytokines, chemokines, and their receptors in the brain and spleen was examined by relative quantitative PCR using a PCR array, and protein levels in the brain, ... TNF-α, and IFN-γ, and the anti-inflammatory cytokines, IL-4 and IL-13, in the single exposure group (SS+L) were significantly higher than in the control group (SS+S), and significantly lower in the...