WETLAND AND WATER RESOURCE MODELING AND ASSESSMENT: A Watershed Perspective - Chapter 20 pptx

... proportion of agricultural and urban land in wetland watersheds is a highly signicant predictor of reduced water quality in wetlands (Crosbie and Chow-Fra-ser 1999, Lougheed et al. 200 1), while an increased ... buffer around each wetland. We create a multimetric wetland disturbance axis (WDA) that incorporates rapid measures of hydrology, water quality, and land use.As a rapid assessment of biological ... 170 Wetland and Water Resource Modeling and Assessment14.3 RESULTSActual land use in a 1-km buffer around each wetland was well represented by the estimated land use categories (Figure...

... The coastal wetlands only used a single-season late spring leaf-off image from mid-March. Prairie wetlands, forest wetlands, and ripar-ian wetlands utilized a two-season (leaf-off and peak phenological ... freshwater lake in China, with many marshes, grass-lands, and alluvial oodplains in its watershed. The wetland area of Poyang Lake Basin has diverse ora and fauna and provides important habitats ... essentialness of a watershed approach for understanding and managing landscapes (e.g., R. France, ed. 200 5. Facilitating Watershed Management: Fostering Awareness and Stewardship; R. France. 200 6. Introduction...

... informa-tion from the image by masking out the water bodies. Seven land cover types, includ-ing built-up area, wetland (with vegetation), grassland, forest, bare land, muddy beach, and farmland ... spectral comparison of the built-up urban area with the muddy beach.© 200 8 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC16 Wetland and Water Resource Modeling and Assessmentbodies and built-up areas are close ... examining spectral characteris-tics, three groups of objects with spectral similarity were identied: (a) wetland and grassland/forest, (b) bare land and developing urban area, and (c) built-up...

... (3.1)22 Wetland and Water Resource Modeling and Assessmentmarsh vegetation and invasive species in fragmented coastal wetlands. Schmidt and Skidmore (200 3), for example, examined and tested ... of wetlands and open water within the Meadowlands, and 12 km2 of salt marsh vegetation including high marsh species Patens (Spartina patens) and Dis-tichlis (Distichlis spicata), and low marsh ... residential and industrial land uses interspersed among expanses of landlls, marsh grass elds, tidal wetlands creeks, mudats, and rivers (Figure 3.1). There are approximately Band 32Band 17Band...

... and A is the total area of the Carex landscape.The fragmentation index of the Carex landscape in the Poyang Lake wetland area is 0.6041 (0 represents landscape that has not been depleted, and ... Taylor & Francis Group, LLC34 Wetland and Water Resource Modeling and Assessmentwhere C is the landscape fragmentation index of Carex, ∑Ni stands for the total number of Carex landscape ... Chinese]. Journal of Soil and Water Con-servation 18(2):196–170.© 200 8 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC32 Wetland and Water Resource Modeling and Assessment4.2.3 SPECTRAL ANGLE MAPPING (SAM)One...

... Hydrology and Water Budget© 200 8 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC50 Wetland and Water Resource Modeling and Assessment5.2.8.5 Scenario 5: Large Population Increase—Wet Year (204 5), No Groundwater ... year WASSI of 202 0 (c) and the dry year WASSI of 202 4 (d).© 200 8 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC52 Wetland and Water Resource Modeling and AssessmentThe mean regional WASSI increased from ... inter-annual variation in climate and potential loss of groundwater reserves. A doubling of local populations around metropolitan areas will have a limited impact on interan-nual WASSI variability....

... described the water problem including seasonal drought and water stor-age capacity in a red soil area. Wang et al. (1996) analyzed the variations in rainfall, evaporation, and water storage and supply ... Assessment Watershed attributes and vegetation characteristics of catchments are gained with investigation (Table 6.2). For the forest and grass catchments, a wet and a dry year (200 0 and 200 1) of daily ... 1996. Water problem of red soil and its management [in Chinese]. Acta Pedologica Sinica 33(1): 13 20. © 200 8 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC62 Wetland and Water Resource Modeling and AssessmentWatershed...

... China, May 200 2. 244–250.© 200 8 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC80 Wetland and Water Resource Modeling and AssessmentThis analysis was based on the assumption that future precipitation and ... impacts on groundwater recharge, soil moisture, and baseow. For-estation in wetland- dominated watersheds may have little effect on overall watershed hydrology since water balances (i.e., evapotranspiration) ... vegetated watersheds. The average annual precipitation was about 400 mm. Greater than 95% of precipitation evapotranspirated, and less than 5% precipitation became stream-ow as inltration-excess...

... topographic index bins, and A i [L2] is the fractional catchment area corresponding to each bin.94 Wetland and Water Resource Modeling and Assessment8.3.2 MODEL CALIBRATION AND VALIDATIONThe ... local unsaturated zone storage due to gravity drainage, and param-eter td is a time constant.Vertical drainage that depletes the water in the subsurface storm ow zone and replenishes the water ... increase. Calculated surface ow at any time step is simply the water in excess of any decit in each ln (a/ tanβ) increment.90 Wetland and Water Resource Modeling and AssessmentThe main objective...