GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION: Value, Pricing, Production, and Consumption - Chapter 3 docx

... 2006b), and the pricing model for 34 14.indb 83 11/2/07 8:02:56 AM© 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC66 Geographic Information: Value, Pricing, Production, and Consumption Price and value ... http://www.fcw.com/article9111 7-1 0-1 7-0 5-Print (accessed October 20, 2005).Sternstein, A. 2006a, August 29. Ransom Payments Set Maps Free. Federal Computer Week.http://www.fcw.com/article95 83 3- 0 8-2 9-0 6-Web (accessed ... 2004). 34 14.indb 93 11/2/07 8:02:58 AM© 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC82 Geographic Information: Value, Pricing, Production, and Consumption from free to fee backred when spam e-mail...

... grids, two- and three-dimensional meshes, lat-long, lat-long and depth or height, etc. Geographic information is a composite of spatial data and attri-bute data describing the location and attributes ... exclusivity and protecting the brand 1 13 4.7 Conclusion 115References 116 Chapter 5 Geographic information, globalization, and society 1 23 5.1 Introduction 1 23 5.2 The ubiquity of GI 1 23 5 .3 Sociotechnical ... 99 34 14.indb 6 11/2/07 8:01:57 AM© 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC2 Geographic Information: Value, Pricing, Production, and Consumption for different types of GI. Existing access, pricing,...

... social, 34 14.indb 24 11/2/07 8:02: 43 AM© 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC28 Geographic Information: Value, Pricing, Production, and Consumption all aware that information is used — and sometimes ... that value, yet literally hundreds, even thousands of such cases exist if 34 14.indb 30 11/2/07 8:02:44 AM© 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 38 Geographic Information: Value, Pricing, Production, ... worth is nancial or monetary 34 14.indb 25 11/2/07 8:02: 43 AM© 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 32 Geographic Information: Value, Pricing, Production, and Consumption concern is monetary...

... http://www.faz.com/IN/INtem-plates/eFAZ/docmain.asp?rub={F040FFD 3- 8 97B-46DF-960 3- 7 52DD640 538 9}&doc={722DCB6C-4B8A-4D37-B1C 2-9 4EDB586FD30} (accessed March 4, 2004).Seelye, K.Q. 2005, March 14. ... http://business.guardian.co.uk/story/0,,18082 03, 00.html (accessed June 30 , 2006). 34 14.indb 122 11/2/07 8: 03: 03 AM© 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC104 Geographic Information: Value, Pricing, Production, and Consumption to ... and its copycat services. 34 14.indb 105 11/2/07 8: 03: 00 AM© 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC100 Geographic Information: Value, Pricing, Production, and Consumption owners at state and...

... http://www.faz.com/IN/INtem-plates/eFAZ/docmain.asp?rub={F040FFD 3- 8 97B-46DF-960 3- 7 52DD640 538 9}&doc={722DCB6C-4B8A-4D37-B1C 2-9 4EDB586FD30} (accessed March 4, 2004).Schuurman, N. 2000. Trouble in the heartland: ... http://www.newscientist.com/channel/tech/mg19225816.00 0- invented-for-the-military-used-to-defend-wildlife.html (accessed December 17, 2006). 34 14.indb 1 53 11/2/07 8: 03: 08 AM© 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC152 Geographic Information: Value, Pricing, Production, and ... Battleeld. ESRI, Redlands CA.Eupolitix. 20 03, November 13. New EU Borders Agency, Com/20 03/ 687. Eupolitix.com. http://www.eupolitix.com/EN/Legislation/e32e4bf 5-8 53 0-4 31 5-8 7f9-bcd 827f38efd.htm (accessed...

... Center in Janu-ary 2006 (European Commission, 2006). 34 14.indb 190 11/2/07 8: 03: 13 AM© 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC174 Geographic Information: Value, Pricing, Production, and Consumption to ... 176 Geographic Information: Value, Pricing, Production, and Consumption of national and global standards for data representation, metadata, national information access portals, and digital ... using only quantitative data. 34 14.indb 189 11/2/07 8: 03: 13 AM© 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC192 Geographic Information: Value, Pricing, Production, and Consumption utilities, local...

... http://www.google.com/apis/maps/. 34 14.indb 210 11/2/07 8: 03: 16 AM© 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC206 Geographic Information: Value, Pricing, Production, and Consumption decree (Government ... U.K.’s Environment Agency. 34 14.indb 220 11/2/07 8: 03: 18 AM© 2008 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC214 Geographic Information: Value, Pricing, Production, and Consumption users in government ... 208 Geographic Information: Value, Pricing, Production, and Consumption the U.S., home of many information market myths regarding free govern-ment information, the national...

... details, please read the chapter/ curriculum. Book: Routing Protocols and Concepts By Rick Graziani and Allan Johnson ISBN: 1-5 871 3- 2 0 6-0  ISBN- 13: 97 8-5 871 3- 20 6 -3 23 EIGRP Bounded Updates ... that EIGRP prevents routing loops is with the DUAL algorithm.J. J. Garcia-Luna-Aceves 33 R3’s running-confighostname R3!interface FastEthernet0/0ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0!interface ... on Cisco routers. 39 The network Command The network-address is the classful network address for this interface.  172.16.0.0 includes both 172.16.1.0/24 and 172.16 .3. 0 /30 subnets. When...

... Gavala and collaborators [17] and, Yu and Mu [18]. These International Journal of Energy and Environment (IJEE), Volume 3, Issue 3, 2012, pp .32 3- 3 32 ISSN 207 6-2 895 (Print), ISSN 207 6-2 909 (Online) ... and Environment (IJEE), Volume 3, Issue 3, 2012, pp .32 3- 3 32 ISSN 207 6-2 895 (Print), ISSN 207 6-2 909 (Online) ©2012 International Energy & Environment Foundation. All rights reserved. 33 10204060805,2 ... Energy and Environment (IJEE), Volume 3, Issue 3, 2012, pp .32 3- 3 32 ISSN 207 6-2 895 (Print), ISSN 207 6-2 909 (Online) ©2012 International Energy & Environment Foundation. All rights reserved. 32 6...

... vnvni=α113DJH012 3 4Bundle Price -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 -Wealth00.250.50.751Quantity (for Bundle)012 3 4Bundle Price -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 -Wealth00.250.50.751Quantity (for Bundle)12 3 45ConsumertypeQuantity ... 7KHZHDNODZRIODUJHQXPEHUVUHTXLUHVWKLVSUREDELOLW\WRGHFUHDVHDVOσε22n27IRUDOOGLVWULEXWLRQVZLWKILQLWHPHDQDQGYDULDQFHEXWLWGRHVQRWJXDUDQWHHPRQRWRQLFLW\3DJHProfits (Lower Bound)i.i.d. valuations with σ2/µ2 = 1 /3 0 .3 0.40.50.60.70.80.91.0510152025 30 3 54045505560100100010000Number ... 7KHUHDUHRIFRXUVHPDQ\RWKHUZD\VWRPRGHOFRPSOHPHQWVDQGVXEVWLWXWHV3DJH5HIHUHQFHV$UPVWURQJ0´0XOWLSURGXFW1RQOLQHDU3ULFLQJµ(FRQRPHWULFD9RO1R-DQXDU\SS$GDPV: - DQG<HOOHQ - /´&RPPRGLW\EXQGOLQJDQGWKHEXUGHQRIPRQRSRO\µ4XDUWHUO\-RXUQDORI(FRQRPLFV$XJXVW%DNRV<DQG%U\QMROIVVRQ($JJUHJDWLQJDQG'LVDJJUHJDWLQJ,QIRUPDWLRQ*RRGV,PSOLFDWLRQVIRU%XQGOLQJ6LWH/LFHQVLQJDQG6XEVFULSWLRQVLQ3URFHHGLQJVRI,QWHUQHW3XEOLVKLQJDQG%H\RQG7KH(FRQRPLFVRI'LJLWDO,QIRUPDWLRQDQG,QWHOOHFWXDO3URSHUW\.HQQHG\6FKRRORI*RYHUQPHQW+DUYDUG8QLYHUVLW\-DQXDU\%DNRV<DQG%U\QMROIVVRQ(´%XQGOLQJDQG&RPSHWLWLRQRQWKH,QWHUQHW$JJUHJDWLRQ6WUDWHJLHVLQWKH3URYLVLRQRI,QIRUPDWLRQ*RRGVµ3UHSDUHGIRUWKH,1)25060LQL&RQIHUHQFHRQ0DUNHWLQJ6FLHQFHDQGWKH,QWHUQHW&DPEULGJH0$0DUFK%DNRV<%U\QMROIVVRQ(DQG/LFKWPDQ'´6KDUHG,QIRUPDWLRQ*RRGVµ-RXUQDORI/DZDQG(FRQRPLFV$SULO%U\QMROIVVRQ(DQG&).HPHUHU´1HWZRUN([WHUQDOLWLHVLQ0LFURFRPSXWHU6RIWZDUH$Q(FRQRPHWULF$QDO\VLVRIWKH6SUHDGVKHHW0DUNHWµ0DQDJHPHQW6FLHQFHSS&KXDQJ - &,DQG6LUEX0$1HWZRUNGHOLYHU\RILQIRUPDWLRQJRRGV2SWLPDOSULFLQJRIDUWLFOHVDQGVXEVFULSWLRQV,Q3URFHHGLQJVRI,QWHUQHW3XEOLVKLQJDQG%H\RQG7KH(FRQRPLFVRI'LJLWDO,QIRUPDWLRQDQG,QWHOOHFWXDO3URSHUW\.HQQHG\6FKRRORI*RYHUQPHQW+DUYDUG8QLYHUVLW\-DQXDU\$YDLODEOHDWKWWSZZZHSSFPXHGXaFKXDQJ&OHPRQV(.DQG%::HEHU,QIRUPDWLRQ7HFKQRORJ\DQG6FUHHQ%DVHG6HFXULWLHV7UDGLQJ3ULFLQJWKH6WRFNDQG3ULFLQJWKH7UDGH0DQDJHPHQW6FLHQFHSS(SSHQ*':$+DQVRQHWDO%XQGOLQJ1HZ3URGXFWV1HZ0DUNHWV/RZ5LVN6ORDQ0DQDJHPHQW5HYLHZSS)DUUHOO - DQG*6DORQHU´6WDQGDUGL]DWLRQFRPSDWLELOLW\DQGLQQRYDWLRQµ5DQG-RXUQDORI(FRQRPLFV+DQVRQ:DQG0DUWLQ.´2SWLPDO%XQGOH3ULFLQJµ0DQDJHPHQW6FLHQFH)HEUXDU\+DUPRQ60HGLD&RPSDUDEOHV8QFRYHUHG:KDWV$Q$FFHVV6XEVFULEHU:RUWK$Q\ZD\"L:25/'KWWSQHWGD\LZRUOGFRPVWRFNVLQGH[VKWPO$XJXVW0DUNRII$´7RPRUURZWKH:RUOG:LGH:HEµ1HZ<RUN7LPHV-XO\S'0F$GDPV'/´0XOWLSURGXFW0RQRSRO\%XQGOLQJµ0LPHR*UDGXDWH6FKRRORI%XVLQHVV6WDQIRUG8QLYHUVLW\0F$IHH5 3 0F0LOODQ - DQG:KLQVWRQ0'´0XOWLSURGXFWPRQRSRO\FRPPRGLW\EXQGOLQJDQGFRUUHODWLRQRIYDOXHVµ4XDUWHUO\-RXUQDORI(FRQRPLFV0D\0HWFDOIH5$SHQQ\IRUP\WKRXJKWVLVPRUHWKDQ,FRXOGKRSHIRURQWKHQH[W,QWHUQHW,QIRZRUOG-DQXDU\0HWFDOIH5´3ROOLQDWHOHWV\RXUHQWWKHVRIWZDUH\RXQHHGIRUMXVWWKHULJKWDPRXQWRIWLPHµ,QIRZRUOG-XQH3DJH,WLVLQWHUHVWLQJWRFRQWUDVWWKHEXQGOLQJDSSURDFKZHDQDO\]HKHUHZLWKFRQYHQWLRQDOSULFHGLVFULPLQDWLRQ6XSSRVHWKHUHDUHPFRQVXPHUVLQWKHVHWΩ,IDVLQRXUVHWWLQJHDFKRIWKHFRQVXPHUVSRWHQWLDOO\KDVDGLIIHUHQWYDOXHIRUHDFKRIWKHQJRRGVWKHQPQSULFHVZLOOEHUHTXLUHGWRFDSWXUHWKHFRPSOHWHVXUSOXVZKHQWKHJRRGVDUHVROGVHSDUDWHO\)XUWKHUPRUHSULFHGLVFULPLQDWLRQUHTXLUHVWKDWWKHVHOOHUFDQDFFXUDWHO\LGHQWLI\FRQVXPHUYDOXDWLRQVDQGSUHYHQWFRQVXPHUVIURPEX\LQJJRRGVDWSULFHVPHDQWIRURWKHUV7KXVWKHFRQYHQWLRQDODSSURDFKWRSULFHGLVFULPLQDWLRQRSHUDWHVE\LQFUHDVLQJWKHQXPEHURISULFHVFKDUJHGWRDFFRPPRGDWHWKHGLYHUVLW\RIFRQVXPHUYDOXDWLRQV,QFRQWUDVWWKHEXQGOLQJDSSURDFKPLJKWEHFDOOHG3URFUXVWHDQSULFHGLVFULPLQDWLRQVLQFHLWRSHUDWHVRQDRQHVL]HILWVDOOSULQFLSOH%XQGOLQJUHGXFHVWKHGLYHUVLW\RIFRQVXPHUYDOXDWLRQVVRWKDWLQWKHOLPLWVHOOHUVQHHGFKDUJHRQO\RQHSULFHGRQRWQHHGWRLGHQWLI\GLIIHUHQWW\SHVRIFRQVXPHUVDQGGRQRWQHHGWRHQIRUFHDQ\UHVWULFWLRQVRQZKLFKSULFHVFRQVXPHUVSD\$VWKHQXPEHURIJRRGVLQWKHEXQGOHLQFUHDVHVWRWDOSURILWDQGSURILWSHUJRRGLQFUHDVH7KHSURILWPD[LPL]LQJSULFHSHUJRRGIRUWKHEXQGOHVWHDGLO\LQFUHDVHVJUDGXDOO\DSSURDFKLQJWKHSHUJRRGH[SHFWHGYDOXHRIWKHEXQGOHWRWKHFRQVXPHUV)LJXUHVKRZVWKLVIRUWKHFDVHRIOLQHDUGHPDQG7KHQXPEHURIJRRGVQHFHVVDU\WRPDNHEXQGOLQJGHVLUDEOHDQGWKHVSHHGDWZKLFKGHDGZHLJKWORVVDQGSURILWFRQYHUJHWRWKHLUOLPLWLQJYDOXHVGHSHQGRQWKHDFWXDOGLVWULEXWLRQRIFRQVXPHUYDOXDWLRQVn=1,...