... geometry and its boundaries. The disadvantage is that the accuracyof the simulation results based on triangular elements is often lower than that obtainedusing quadrilateral elements. Quadrilateral ... stress analysis, andhas since been applied to many other problems like thermal analysis, fluid flow analysis,piezoelectric analysis, and many others. Basically, the analyst seeks to determine the ... field variable like the displacement in stress analysis, the temperature orheat flux in thermal analysis, the electrical charge in electrical analysis, and so on. The FEM is a numerical method...