... candidates for 4th-generation (4G) mobile communications in a variety of standards, such as IEEE 802.16 (Marks, 2008) and IEEE 802.20 (Klerer, 2005) in the United States, and international research ... multiple-access (CDMA) techniques, for mobile communications has also been the focus of a variety of research efforts (Hara & Prasad, 1997; Sourour & Nakagawa, 1996; Kondo & Milstein, ... evaluations and analyses (Saltzberg, 1967). 1.2 IFFT and FFT utilization: A/ D realization of OFDM A significant breakthrough in OFDM applicability was presented by Weinstein and Ebert in 1971...