scientific american - 1993 11 - reading the genes of extinct species
scientific american - 1993 11 - reading the genes of extinct species
... people in the U.S. The factor may be associated withabout 80 percent of the cases of the ill-ness. IdentiÞcation of the factor, a form of a gene responsible for the manufac-ture of a lipoprotein, ... economic poli-cies: the eÛcient allocation of resourc-es, the fair distribution of resources and the maintenance of a sustainable scale of resource use. The Þrst two are tradi- SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN ... whether they have the predisposing gene? The millions of people in the U.S. with two APOE-ε4 genes appear to have a risk for Alz-heimerÕs of more than 80 percent, ac-cording to RosesÕs and othersÕ...
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scientific american - 1993 04 - controlling the quantum jitters of atoms
... critical the aÝected pro-cesses are at the time of their disregula-tion and the ability of the organism ei-ther to compensate for or to repair the damage. If the damage disrupts the reg-ulation of ... stable, the highbirth rates of the baby boom postponed the aging of the population by widen-ing the base of the age structure again.As the baby boomers grow older, how-ever, the average age of the ... through the cavity. The red laser beam traces the line of the in-frared laser used to excite the atoms; the blue beam marks the path of the atomsthemselves. When in use, the entire appa-ratus...
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scientific american - 1993 01 - the turbulent birth of the milky way
... ones.Determining the relative ages of the halo and disk reveals much about the sequence of the formation of the gal-axy. On the other hand, it leaves open the question of how old the entire gal-axy actually ... restricted the range of one species of hydrocoralcalled Millepora and caused the appar-ent extinction of another species of the same genus. Glynn and W. H. de Weerdt,now at the University of Amsterdam ... declines as the reefs get farther awayfrom two centersÑone in the Indo-Pa-ciÞc and the other in the Caribbean. The outlines of a map marking plum-meting diversity coincide with the con-tours of lower...
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scientific american - 1993 06 - tuning in the radio signals of ancient galaxies
... gam-ma-chain gene were causing the im-munodeficiency. With the further assis-tance of Howard M. Rosenblatt of the Baylor College of Medicine and Alexan-dra H. Filipovich of the University of Minnesota, ... Furthermore, if the hotend of the rod is then plunged into ice,a wave of cooling will follow the wave of heat down the length of the metal.In the same way, temperature ßuctua-tions at the ... factors; G-blocks do not.Ó The workers were able to improve the biocompatibility of the capsules byincreasing the ratio of G-blocks to M-blocks. To counteract the eÝects of re-sidual M-blocks...
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scientific american - 1996 11 - the origins of immunity
... dif-ferent risk factors may affect the expres-sion of the disorder,” the group con-cludes in the Journal of the American Medical Association. The lead author of the study, the larg-est of ... professor of psychology at the University of Liverpool,and other academics haveruffled a few well-groomedfeathers in the staid linguis-tics community. Their gos-sip-grooming hypothesis as-serts ... was “irre-sponsible”; she singles out the New YorkTimes for handing out blame in 1991 on the basis of a condemnatory draft re-port by the Of ce of Research Integrity(then the Of ce of Scientific...
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scientific american - 2000 11 - the future of digital entertainment
... trade. The declinewas reinforced by the social unrest of the late 1960s, which divided the supporters of civil rights.Furthermore, the economic crisis of the 1970s strengthened the hand of the more ... materials pro-vide some of the first insightinto the lives of prehistoricwomen, children and the eld-erly—or, as Soffer describesthem, the silent majority.Whereas the activities of prime-age ... the range of vari-ables and the patterning of those vari-ables—aside from boobs and asses—loand behold, there’s this other stuff.” The other stuff, it appears, includes astunning array of...
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scientific american - 1993 03 - black holes and the centrifugal force paradox
... together can determine the thick-ness of the ice and the nature of the underlying rock. With Robin E. Bell of the Lamont-Doherty Geological Obser-vatory, the co-leader of ALICE, Blanken-ship ... unsound. Thus, the largest block of problem states is not in the Òrust beltÓ of the North, nor in the high-traÛc re-gions of the Northeast and Southwest,but rather in the southeastern U.S. ... hole. The stationis a circular tube centered exactly on the path of the circular ray so that the axis of the tube and the path of the ray coincide. The astronauts know that the axis of the tube...
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scientific american - 1993 09 - special issue - life, death, and the immune system
... SciDex™, SCI-ENTIFIC AMERICAN, 415 Madison Ave-nue, New York, N.Y. 1001 7-1 111 , or fax(212) 35 5-0 408.Photocopying rights are hereby grant-ed by Scientific American, Inc., to li-braries and others ... preexist in the fertilized egg. In-stead the code resides in four sets of mini -genes located in widely separatedparts of the nucleus. Antibody diversi-ty springs from the size of these mini-gene ... aÛnity.During the development of an anti-body-forming cell, one member fromeach set of mini -genes jumps out of itsoriginal position and links with the other jumpers to form a complete V-D-J-C gene....
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scientific american - 1993 10 - is los angeles winning the war on smog
... colleagues at the Califor-nia Institute of Technology began to ex-amine the chemistry of the atmosphereabove Los Angeles. Their work and the research of others have revealed the complexity of atmospheric ... thatin almost one Þfth of all the vehicles on the road, the emissions-control equip-ment was either removed by the own-er or damaged by the use of leaded fu-els. The latter problem has abated ... contributes 26 percent of the hydrocarbons, 18 percent of the nitro-gen oxides and 30 percent of the sulfuroxides and smaller percentages of oth-er pollutants. The remainder of the pol-lutants are...
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scientific american - 1995 11 - guardian cells in the brain
... Þnding the genes will helpscientists uncover the biochemistry of manic-depression. ÒThere are a lot of theories about neurotransmitters, butat the end of the day, when they Þnd the genes, theyÕre ... on the X chro-mosome. The paper has been submit-ted to a journal.Elliot S. Gershon of the National In-stitute of Mental Health is now recruit-ing 100 pairs of gay brothers for a ge-netic-marker ... capablein theory of Þlling infor the OTA. The NRCÕsdetailed studies, how-ever, often take evenlonger than the 18 to24 months requiredfor some of the OTAÕs,and the realities of NRC-congressional...
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