... for an L2 task, gathering and organizing materials, arranging a study space and a schedule, monitoring mistakes, and evaluating task success, and27evaluating the success of any type of learning ... representing meaning(constructive orientation); negotiating meaning with the speaker and responding(collaborative orientation); and, creating meaning through involvement, imaginationand empathy ... discriminate between sounds, understand vocabulary and grammaticalstructures, interpret stress and intonation, retain what was gathered in all of the above,and interpret it within the immediate as...