... Out-of-Vocabulary Words in
Arabic- English Machine Translation
Arabic Linguistic Issues Orthographically, we
distinguish three major challenges for Arabic pro-
cessing. First, Arabic script uses optional ... preprocessing simply in-
cluded down-casing, separating punctuation from
words and splitting off “’s”.
OOV Handling Techniques and their Combina-
tion We compare our basel...
...
when translating by stating that language is "the heart within the body of culture," the
survival of both aspects being interdependent. Linguistic notions of transferring meaning are
seen ... number of works involving introducing Vietnamese culture to the world, which will
bring about the indispensable task of translating Vietnamese authentic words of culture into
English. Hi...
... (involving associating, comparing,
distinguishing, extending, interpreting, predicting, etc.) demonstrates understanding of
facts and ideas, inferring causes and consequences or transferring ... other kinds of thinking such
as lateral thinking (a way of solving a problem by thinking about it imaginatively and
originally and not using traditional or expected methods), creative thinking ......
... resulting from
approximation; *far line stroke instead of hook stroke, *straight
stroke instead of forehand stroke, *along side line instead of side
line, *cross goal line instead of goal line, ... tests *try blocked, *fail
completing, *require to improve, *gain the right serving, * win a
point continuing, *use the bounce passing, *prevent the ball touching
23
4.4.3. The Use of Syn...
... improvement
in
an incident
to include sthg (in sthg)
including
an income
an increase
to increase sthg
increased
increasingly
indeed
independent
an index
to indicate sthg
individual
an individual
industrial
an ... instance
instead
an institute
an institution
an instruction
an instrument
insurance
to intend to do sthg
to intend doing sthg
an intention
an interest
interested
interesting
int...
... unfamiliar words in reading comprehension.
2.3 Some strategies for dealing with unfamiliar words in
reading comprehension:
2.3.1 Ignoring the unfamiliar words:
When students first meet unfamiliar words ... without
remembering its meaning in reading, they should first sound it out or decode the
word. Reading decoding skills are critical component in the ability to read....
... Proceedings of the 47th Annual Meeting of the ACL and the 4th IJCNLP of the AFNLP, pages 324–332,
Suntec, Singapore, 2-7 August 2009.
c
2009 ACL and AFNLP
1