... calendar. The common Christian era is used as a chronological base. According to the datation of the source, either the hijri (AH) or the Ottoman mali (AM) date is given; and the spelling of the ... single transliterated words, neither the Arabic nor the Turkish plurals are used, but an s as in the English plural is added to the transliterated word. In Part three the abbreviation q, standing ... negotiate the representation of rights in land in accordance with the law, the techniques of registration, the character of tax accounting, and the social organization of production on the ground.Individual...