... Toronto, and < /b> provides an overview of initiatives underway or planned by the City to further combat vehicle-related air pollution. Burden of illness studies provide a cost-effective and < /b> reliable ... slow. It may be that gains in < /b> the transportation sector, such as the introduction of less polluting vehicles and < /b> improvements in < /b> fuel quality, are being off-set by the increased volume and < /b> frequency ... exhaust carcinogens that have been associated with cancer risk like PAHs and < /b> VOCs (e.g. benzene and < /b> 1, 3-butadiene) have been reported in < /b> street vendors (Ruchirawat et al. 2005) and < /b> tollbooth workers...