... + 1 and i + 2• Character bigrams locating at positions i −2, i − 1, i and i + 1• Whether xj and xj+1are identical, for j = i −2, . . . , i + 1• Whether xj and xj+2are identical, for ... information ofxxx in edge features. For traditional implementationof CRF systems (e.g., the HCRF package), usuallythe edges features contain only the informationof yi−1 and yi, and without ... conditional random fields or latent variableconditional random fields, we simply use a singlefirst-order conditional random fields (CRFs) for the joint modeling. The semi-Markov CRFs and latent variable...