... on extralinguistic cues, gauging interlocutors' linguistic repertoires, supportive listening, signalling non-comprehension in a face-saving way, asking for repetition, paraphrasing, etc. ... regarding norms seems to be in operation. As long as a certain threshold of understanding is obtained, interlocutors seem to adopt what Firth (1996) has termed the 'let-it-pass principle', ... language teaching policy to build on insights which have emerged from research in both of these phases in finding proactive ways of enabling learners to benefit from the function of EIL, in Europe...