Báo cáo khoa học: "Yet Another Language Identiﬁer" pdf

... thesame methods used on 1 MB of data.3.2 Language DiversityThe increasing number of languages recognisedby the system decreases language diversity. Thismay be another reason for the observed dropin ... 40 50 60 70 80 90 Language FamiliesLanguagesClass 1Class 2Figure 1: Language diversity on Wikipedia. Lan-guages are sorted according to their text corpus size.The ﬁrst 52 languages belong ... corpusSize with L languages. (D(Size,L,n))5 MethodsTo investigate the inﬂuence of the language di-versity, we decided to use 3 different language counts – 30, 60, and 90 languages sorted...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Yet Another Word Alignment Tool" docx

... matrix correspond tothe words of the sentence in one language and thecolumns to the words of that sentence’s translationinto the other language. Marks in the matrix ’s cellsindicate whether ... pages 20–23,Columbus, June 2008.c2008 Association for Computational LinguisticsYawat: Yet Another Word Alignment ToolUlrich GermannUniversity of Torontogermann@cs.toronto.eduAbstractYawat1is ... back and forth, especially when thereare considerable diﬀerences in word order betweenthe two languages. Moreover, as sentence length in-creases, visua lization by drawing lines quickly be-comes...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "PANEL NATURAL LANGUAGE AND DATABASES" pdf

... PANEL NATURAL LANGUAGE AND DATABASES, AGAIN Karen Sparck Jones Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge Corn Exchange Street, Cambridge CB2 3QG, England INTRODUCTION Natural Language and ... on solving all the problems of language and knowledge processing at once. More importantly, the task provides a hard, rather than soft, test environment for a language processor: the processor's ... with, obvious problems of language and knowledge processing. But I believe that database query is reaching the end of its utility for fundamental research on natural language understanding,...

Báo cáo khoa học: "PLANNING NATURAL LANGUAGE EXPRESSIONS REFERRING" pdf

... NATURAL LANGUAGE REFERRING EXPRESSIONS Douglas E. Appelt SRI International Menlo Park, California ABSTRACT This paper describes how a language- planning system can produce natural -language ... able to the speaker. I. INTRODUCTION One of the mo~t important constituent processes of natural -language generation is the production of referring expressions, which occur in almost every utterance. ... he is pointing to is a wheelpuller, and that the exPert has also informed him of that fact. A language- planning system called KAMP (for Know- ledge And Modalities Planner} has been developed...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "How spoken language corpora can reﬁne current speech motor training methodologies" pptx

... methodologies of speechand language therapy. In this paper, wepresent a novel approach for construct-ing speech motor exercises, based on lin-guistic knowledge extracted from spoken language corpora. ... the syllabic inventory of the spoken language. Besides the inventory of spoken sylla-bles, we are interested in the distribution of sylla-bles across the language. 3.1 Syllable frequency effectsThe ... wordforms. Four corpora comprising three differentlanguages (English, German, and Dutch) wereevaluated: the CELEX2 corpora (Baayenet al.,1996) for the three languages, and the SpokenDutch Corpus (CGN)....

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Incremental Syntactic Language Models for Phrase-based Translation" pptx

... Jelinek. 2000. Structured language modeling. Computer Speech and Language, 14(4):283–332.Stanley F. Chen and Joshua Goodman. 1998. An empir-ical study of smoothing techniques for language mod-eling. ... 172–181.Matt Post and Daniel Gildea. 2009. Language modelingwith tree substitution grammars. In NIPS workshop onGrammar Induction, Representation of Language, and Language Learning.Arjen Poutsma. 1998. ... functioned to posit ad-equate translations of source language words, anda target language model, which guided the ﬂuencyof generated target language strings (Brown et al.,This research was supported...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "The Natural Language Toolkit" docx

... USAAbstractThe Natural Language Toolkit is a suite ofprogram modules, data sets and tutorialssupporting research and teaching in com-putational linguistics and natural language processing. NLTK ... pages 69–72,Sydney, July 2006.c2006 Association for Computational LinguisticsNLTK: The Natural Language ToolkitSteven BirdDepartment of Computer Science and Software EngineeringUniversity ... simpli-ﬁed toolkit and explains how it is used inteaching NLP.1 IntroductionNLTK, the Natural Language Toolkit, is a suiteof Python modules providing many NLP datatypes, processing tasks,...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Discriminative Syntactic Language Modeling for Speech Recognition" pdf

... predominant approach within language model-ing for speech recognition has been to use an n-gram language model, within the “source-channel”or “noisy-channel” paradigm. The language modelassigns ... value that reﬂects the rela-tive importance of the language model; β is typi-cally chosen by optimization on held-out data. Inan n-gram language model, a Markov assumptionis made, namely ... incorporates syntactic language models into aspeech recognizer. These methods have almost ex-clusively worked within the noisy channel paradigm,where the syntactic language model has the taskof...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "A Phonotactic Language Model for Spoken Language Identification" pptx

... the 1996 NIST Language Recognition Evaluation database. 1 Introduction Spoken language and written language are similar in many ways. Therefore, much of the research in spoken language identification, ... n-gram Language Modeling, or PRLM (Zissman, 1996) . Orthographic forms of language, ranging from Latin alphabet to Cyrillic script to Chinese charac-ters, are far more unique to the language ... bounds of written language. All of this makes the identification of spoken language based on pho-netic units much more challenging than the identi-fication of written language. In fact, the...

Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: " A Declarative Language for Implementing Dynamic Programs∗" pptx

... +46 inference rules), enabling research that he would nothave been willing to undertake in another language. 6 Related WorkThis project tries to synthesize much folk wisdom. ForNLP algorithms, ... U.S.A.{jason,eerat,nasmith}@cs.jhu.eduAbstractWe present the ﬁrst version of a new declarative pro-gramming language. Dyna has many uses but was de-signed especially for rapid development of new statis-tical ... architectures. Wepropose that it is time to jump up a level of abstraction.We offer a new programming language, Dyna, that al-lows one to quickly and easily specify a model’s com-binatorial structure....

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