Báo cáo khoa học: "How Much Can We Gain from Supervised Word Alignment" potx
Báo cáo khoa học: "How Much Can We Gain from Supervised Word Alignment" potx
... limit of supervised word alignment. More specifically, we would like to know what magnitude of gain in MT performance we can ex-pect from supervised alignment over the state of the art unsupervised ... Oregon, June 19-24, 2011.c2011 Association for Computational LinguisticsHow Much Can We Gain from Supervised Word Alignment? Jinxi Xu and Jinying Chen Raytheon BBN Technologies 10 ... be-tween Chinese characters and English words. Since the MT system used in this work is word- based, we converted the character-based alignment to word- based alignment. We aligned Chinese word...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Active Learning-Based Elicitation for Semi-Supervised Word Alignment" pptx
... emptyset at iteration t = 0. We iterate for T itera-tions. We take a pool-based active learning strat-egy, where we have access to all the automaticallyaligned links and we can score the links basedon ... We will be exploring alternative formula-tions to this strategy. We observe that confidencebased metrics perform significantly better than thebaseline. From the scatter plots in Figure 11 we can ... querystrategy. We seek manual corrections for the se-lected links and add the alignment data to thecurrent labeled data set. The word- level alignedlabeled data is provided to our semi -supervised word...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "How to train your multi bottom-up tree transducer" potx
... each (weighted) rule of R following the methodof Graehl et al. (2008). Similarly, we can adjustthe training procedure of Graehl et al. (2008), whichyields that we can automatically obtain a weightedLMBOT ... utilize the additional expressive power825of MBOT. However, Zhang et al. (2008b) and Sunet al. (2009) demonstrate that the additional expres-sivity gained from non-contiguous rules greatly ... the set of all words (or se-quences) over Σ is Σ∗, of which the empty word is ε.The concatenation of two words u and w is simplydenoted by the juxtaposition uw. The length of a word w = σ1·...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "How spoken language corpora can refine current speech motor training methodologies" pptx
... properties ofmany phonetic elements deviate significantly from their canonical form (Greenberg, 1999).In the light of the apparent discrepancy betweenthe canonical forms and the actual spoken lan-guage, ... only to the canonical forms of words,and no syllabification of spoken word forms exists.The methods of automatic syllabification havebeen applied and tested exclusively on canonical word forms ... syllabicinventories from spoken word forms will approxi-mate the reality of spontaneous speech productionbetter than relying on canonical representations.Consequently, it can be argued that...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "HOW DO WE COUNT? THE PROBLEM OF TAGGING PHRASAL VERBS IN PARTS" docx
... other words in the sentence as well. One typical error is found in infinitive constructions, where a phrase like to gun down is tagged as INTO NOUN IN (a prepo- sitional 'to' followed ... opposed to verbs, which results in the misclassification described above. However, when these words are fol- lowed by a particle, they are usually verbs, and in the infinitive construction, ... each word is calculated by taking into consider- ation two elements: the lexical probability (probability of the word bearing a certain tag) and the contextual probability (probability of a word...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: How to remain nonfolded and pliable: the linkers in modular a-amylases as a case study ppt
... cell extracts were screened usingantibodies raised against the previously purified puta-tive binding domain and six a-amylase genes from molluscan species were sequenced. Furthermore, we performed ... C-terminaldomains were identified by blast search in the GenBankdatabase. From the alignment of these domains with thoseof P. haloplanktis and Caenorhabditis elegans, PCR primerswere designed from conserved ... away from the water mole-cules in the solvent. During the process of folding, aswell as in its final fold, the stability of the molecularedifice is further modulated by interactions betweengroups...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: How disorder influences order and vice versa – mutual effects in fusion proteins containing an intrinsically disordered and a globular protein docx
... spectroscopy, aswell as for critically reading the manuscript. We areindebted to Maria Samalikova for performing the massspectrometry. We also wish to thank the anonymousreviewer who suggested ... MO,USA). After 20 min of incubation on ice, cells were dis-rupted by sonication (four cycles of 10 s each at 50%power output). Cell extracts were centrifuged for 30 minat 10 000 g at 4 °C and ... the experimentswere performed in triplicate. Denaturation ⁄ renaturationspectra were obtained measuring the CD signal at a fixedwavelength (195 nm) when progressively heating from 20 to100...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: How does hepatitis C virus enter cells? pptx
... epitopesrecognized by the detection reagents were masked, e.g.by lipoproteins. However, this scenario cannot explainthe failure to detect the envelope protein by westernblotting [26]. (c) As noted ... date, no CD81-negative cell line hasbeen identified that can be significantly infected withHCVpp. However, not all CD81-positive cell lines can be infected [47,64,66]. Antibodies to CD81 inhibitedinfection ... viral particles in serum cannot easily switch from the lipoprotein-associated state to the lipoprotein-freestate and vice versa. It is likely that the interactionbetween lipoproteins and virions...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "How Phrasing Affects Memorability" ppt
... of significant interest. We consider whether, and how, the way in whichthe information is phrased — the choice ofwords and sentence structure — can affect thisprocess. To this end, we develop ... human judgments — perhaps implicit, butin a form we can extract; and (iii) we can control forthe setting in which the text was used.Specifically, we use the complete scripts ofroughly 1000 movies, ... who haven’tseen the movie in question can recover our IMDb-4In this pilot study, we allowed multi-sentence quotes.5 We did not use crowd-sourcing because we saw no way toensure that this condition...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "How Are Spelling Errors Generated and Corrected? " docx
... keystrokethe correct candidate words from appearing in thelist of candidates in their native scripts, thereby pre-venting them from being entered altogether. Finally, we can collect a large ... common): follow-ing previous work (Zheng et al., 2011), we ob-tained word pairs from Wikipedia3and SpellGood4. We lower-cased the entries from these sources, re-moved the duplicates and the ... word. In contrast, inen common, all error types are more prone to oc-cur word- medially. This means that errors at word edges are corrected more often than the word- internal errors, which can...
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