Báo cáo khoa học: "A Note on the Translation of Swahili into English" pot

... on the mechanical translation of any Bantu language. This note is therefore a first suggestion of a possible basis for a scheme for the mechanical translation of Swahili into English. Swahili, ... features of the morphology of Swahili are discussed from the point of view of mechanizing a dictionary. A preliminary program is described. 1. Basic Features of the Swahili Language To the best of ... bought"). Prefixes, on the other hand, are added with no amendment to the verb stem, and I see this as one of the reasons why the strong reliance on prefixes will make Swahili reasonably susceptible...

Báo cáo khoa học: "A Note on the Implementation of Hierarchical Dirichlet Processes" docx

... that of the DP model after integrating out the distribution G. Note that as long as the base distribution P0isﬁxed, predictions do not depend on the seatingarrangement z−i, only on the count ... distribution over an inﬁnite set of possible words, P0 (the base distribution of the DP) determines the probability that an item willbe in the support of G, and α0 (the concentrationparameter) ... th−iwiis the number of tables labelled with wi, and th−i∗is the total num-ber of occupied tables. Of particular note for ourdiscussion is that in order to calculate these condi-tional distributions...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Shallow parsing on the basis of words only: A case study" pptx

... its decisionsonly on the information present in the sentence, i.e. on the words themselves. The question then ariseswhether we could use this information directly, andthus save the explicit ... NOM for non-nominal constituents function-ing nominally) and notions like topicalization. Ourchunks are based on the syntactic part of the con-stituent label. The conversion program is the sameas ... and Marcus, 1995). For the function part of the code, the value is either the function for the head of a chunk, or the dummyvalue NOFUNC for all non-heads. For creating the POS-based task, all...

Báo cáo khoa học: "A Note on Categorial Grammar, Disharmony and Permutation" doc

... Proceedings of EACL '99 A Note on Categorial Grammar, Disharmony and Permutation Crit Cremers Leiden University, Department of General Linguistics P.O. box 9515, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands ... Calculus (Lambek) has the following basis: axiom: X =* X rules: if X Y ~ Z if X =v Z/Y if X =~ Z\Y then X =~ Z/Y and Y ~ Z\X then X Y =~ Z then Y X ::~ Z Permutation Closure of language L (PermL) ... Lambek + Permu- tation = undirected Lambek (Moortgat 1988, Van Benthem 1991; Lambek is maximal, but contextfree) For any assignment A of categorial types to the atoms of language L, if Lambek...

Báo cáo khoa học: "A CONSIDERATION ON THE CONCEPTS STRUCTURE AND LANGUAGE IN RELATION TO SELECTIONS OF TRANSLATION EQUIVALENTS OF VERBS IN MACHINE TRANSLATION SYSTEMS" doc

... process of the association, consults ordinary dictionary of translation equivalents and word usage of verbs and obtain the set of all the translation euqivalents for the verb. (3) Then find ... easiness of realization and compact- ness of the size of storage space). i. Selection of Translation Equivalent Selection of translation equivalent of a verb becomes necessary when, (1) the verb ... A CONSIDERATION ON THE CONCEPTS STRUCTURE AND LANGUAGE IN RELATION TO SELECTIONS OF TRANSLATION EQUIVALENTS OF VERBS IN MACHINE TRANSLATION SYSTEMS Sho Yoshida Department of Electronics,...

Báo cáo khoa học: NMR studies on the interaction of sugars with the C-terminal domain of an R-type lectin from the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris pot

... titration experiments. From the theoreticalcalculations of Kdfor the ratios of sugar-free to sugar-bound peak intensities as a function of sugar concentra-tion, the protein concentration was ... position of the second signalat [sugar] ⁄ [EW29Ch] = 3–4 and the resonance signal of the side-chain NH of Trp33 appeared at the posi-tion of the second signal corresponding to the boundstate ... and the corresponding 1D STD spectrum. The integral value of the H4 proton, the largest signal of b-Me-Gal, was set to 100%. Figure 6C shows the relative degree of saturation of individual protonsnormalized...

Báo cáo khoa học: A strategy for the generation of speciﬁc human antibodies by directed evolution and phage display An example of a single-chain antibody fragment that neutralizes a major component of scorpion venom docx

... scFv 3F. The next cycle of evolution allowed selection of clone 610A. The change at CDR3 of the heavy chain improved both the association constant, and more importantly the dissociation constant. ... g of mouse weight) [13]. Clone 3F was matured by threecycles of directed evolution. The use of a set of stringentconditions in the third cycle allowed the selection of several improved clones. ... for the selection of human antibodies through the creation of large repertoires in vitro [10]. This process beginswith the cloning and expression of cDNAs encoding the variable regions of the...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Corpus Effects on the Evaluation of Automated Transliteration Systems" docx

... important that the word at the top of the system generated list of target words (by def-inition the most probable) is one of the words gen-erated by a human in the corpus. More formally, the ﬁrst ... Table 1 summarizes the information about the transliterators and their perception of the giventask. Participants were asked to scale the difﬁculty of the transliteration of each sub-corpus, ... lists. The transliteratorswere not told of the origin of each word. The en-tire corpus, therefore, was easily separated into threesub-corpora of 500 words each based on the origin of each...

Báo cáo khoa học: "A step towards the detection of semantic variants of terms in technical documents Thierry Hamon and Adeline " potx

... relations or combination of synonymy and derivation relations (e.g. heat and thermal) where the cate- gories may be different. Fuzzier relations such as the traditional see- also relations of ... out of 396. On the contrary, about ten wrong links are due to the elision of common terms in the domain. For instance, the term activitd (activity) which actually corresponds to the term ... corpus by the dictionary. 2.3 Second step: Detection of synonymous candidate terms Assuming that the semantics and the synonymy of the complex candidate terms are composi- tional, we design...

Báo cáo khoa học: Preliminary Report on the Insertion of English Articles in RussianEnglish MT Output"" pdf

... statistical method; the aim of all such routines is the selection of one and only one of the four articles (a, an, the, Ø). None of the solutions presented to date in the literature is entirely ... its implementation. From the point of view of a produc- 2 tion MT organization, this question is meaningful only in terms of the incrementing of consumer appeal of the product, and it would ... classification operations on the membership of large noun lists without time-con- suming context consultation and/or revisions based upon hindsight. A small burden is deliberately placed upon the...

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