... stockholders and their friends, families, and business associates, because it could be used to expropriate resources from outsiders, including minority stockholders, depositors, and noteholders. Insider ... of substantial southern Massachusetts businesses and individuals.140 The bank started discounting notes in September 1825. By June 1826, it had discounted a thousand of them.141 The average ... principles, is undoubtedly a useful institution,” explained another contemporary, “inasmuch as it affords great facilities for the transaction of business and supplies to the enterprising, whose...