... Ireland has been in decline for seven quarters; Denmark for fi ve; Finland, New Zealand, and Sweden for four; Austria, Germany, Italy, Japan, the Nether-lands, and the United Kingdom for three; ... Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, and United States. Bank linkages exclude Aus-tralia, Denmark, and Norway. Portfolio linkages exclude Finland and also exclude Germany and Switzerland prior ... June 2003 and includes the Long-Term Capital Management collapse, the dot-com crash, and the collapses of WorldCom, Enron, and Arthur Andersen. The second episode runs from July 2007 onward and...