... Linguistics
Words and Echoes: Assessing and Mitigating
the Non-Randomness Problem in Word Frequency Distribution Modeling
Marco Baroni
CIMeC (University of Trento)
C.so Bettini 31
38068 Rovereto, ... Germany
stefan.evert@uos.de
Abstract
Frequency distribution models tuned to
words and other linguistic events can pre-
dict the number of distinct types and thei...
... simulated the
context by filling the cache with rules from the
correct tree. In the Between model, these are the
rules of the correct parse of the previous tree; in
the Within model, these are the rules ... sen-
tence processing model via a ‘linking hypothesis’,
which links the parser’s word- by -word behavior to
human reading behavior. We discuss this topic in
more...
... in multiple interdependent signals
between pathways originating from receptor serine/threo-
nine kinases and receptor tyrosine kinases. Cellular
responses induced by bone morphogenetic protein
(BMP) ... shown for the c-Jun
N-terminal kinase and protein kinase C. c-Jun N-terminal
kinase phosphorylates Smad3 outside the SSXS-motif,
thus supporting nuclear transport of Smad3 [29]. Prot...
... of
the utterance.
Table 1. Speech acts and their meanings
Speech act
Description
Greeting The opening greeting of a dialogue
Expressive
The closing greeting of a dialogue
Opening ... speech act and a concept sequence (Levin, 2003).
In the semantic form, the speech act represents the
general intention expressed in an utterance, and the
concept sequence captu...
... (%) in a-amylase linkers, in a set
of globular proteins, in the Swiss-Prot databank and in intrinsically
unstructured proteins.
Amino
acid Linkers
a
Globular
proteins
b
Swiss-Prot
c
Intrinsically
unstructured
proteins
b
Ala ... near
the N- and C-termini of the linkers: this suggests that
a mobile connection with both the catalytic domain
and the binding module is requi...
... Interestingly, in
our model, dopamine induces an increase of the actin
bundles regulator fascin 1 [27] and discordant changes
of two calcium-dependent, actin-associated proteins
(annexins A2 and ... understanding of the
biochemical pathways involved in PD neurodegenera-
tion. Indeed, the triggers leading to the specific death
of dopaminergic neurons of SNpc, as well as the
pr...
... a-defensins,
b-defensins, and h-defensins. Defensins are widely
expressed [8], and in mammalian species more than
100 have been identified. Depending on the cell, they
will exert their function either in the intracellular ... [13]. Cathelicidins kill
Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and
Trypanosoma cruzi. Similar to defensins, cathelicidins
participate actively in lin...
... extracted the protein coordinates and
the four nucleotides bound at the center of the domain (for
structures containing more than one RNA-binding domain,
the structure was divided into two independent ... contact-
counting score; the blue line represents the rank of these
sequences using the distance-dependent potential. The points in
each colored line are sorted indepen...
... methanol and 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in H
2
O. The
retention times of adenosine and adenine, inosine and hyp-
oxantine, guanosine and guanine, uridine and uracil, cyti-
dine and cytosine were 12.2 and ... 12.2 and 6.2 min, 10.5 and 4.7 min,
15.2 and 6.1 min, 6.8 and 4.2 min and 6.6 and 3.9 min
respectively. The amount of purine or pyrimidine base
formed is det...
... with
the main chain carbonyl oxygen of Ala107 and the
Arg68 main chain amine in the unoxidized enzyme. It
also appears that the movement in Ser106 fills the void
that forms as a result of the P-loop ... between the sub-
strate and the highly charged active site [19,20]. In
contrast to the findings with Yop51 and PTP1, increas-
ing the ionic strength from 100 to 5...