Biotechnology for waste and wastewater treatment n cheremisinoff

... biomass and substrate are in suspension or motion. 6 Biotechnology for Waste and Wastewater Treatment Anaerobic suspended contact systems anaerobic sludge digestion, anaerobic lagoons, and latter ... Ph.D. NOYES PUBLICATIONS Weatwood, New Jerary, U.8.A. 8 Biotechnology for Waste and Wastewater Treatment Biotechnology for Industrial and Municipal Wastes 9 - - EYZb% - RAW WASTE ... of waste treatment equipment in the form of packaged plants. A conventional scheme for wastewater treatment is illustrated in Figure 1. The pretreatment stage often consists of separating...

... 86 Biotechnology for Waste and Wastewater Treatment aniline and other organic substrates by strain K1 has significance for the degradation of aniline in natural environments. If other ... contact stabilization process, and the step aeration process. Examples of these are given in Figure 3. Content8 Biotechnology for Waste and Wastewater Treatment ContentContent Biotechnology ... are present, this strain can continue to degrade aniline, and if the aniline is present only in small concentrations, the microbial population can still be supported which can then transform the...

... IssueFL.1–Monitoring and managerialcontrolsarenotadequatetocontrolcosts and prioritiesofthefleetmanagementprogram.BackgroundWerequestedanorganizationalchartoftheSWDFleetMaintenanceshop and alistingofalltheunionsrepresentedbytheworkers.Afterareviewoftheorganizationalshopcontactlist,wereviewedthemanagementvs.unionratios,whichindicatedapotentiallackofmanagementrepresentation and independence.Wemetwithshopmanagementtodiscussthispotentialissue.Afterdiscussionswithmanagement,werecreatedtheorganizationalstructureoftheSWDFleetMaintenanceprogramtogainabetterunderstandingoftheoperating and reportingstructure,unionrepresentation and spanofcontrol.SWDFleetMaintenancepersonnelarerepresentedbyfiveunions and nineseparateunioncontracts.Contractdesignationsamongpersonnelaredeterminedbytrade.Transferstationoperators,scaleoperators and truckdriversarerepresentedbythelargestoftheseunioncontracts,TeamsterL174.ThemajorityofpersonnelworkingattheCedarHillsRegionalLandfill,whetherintheFleetMaintenancefacilityoroperatingmachineryonthelandfill,isunionrepresentedemployees.Additionally,allindividualtradessuchaswelders,electricians and carpentersarerepresentedseparately. ... Water Treatment Division(WTD)background and historyTheWTDisoperatedbytheKingCountyDNRPthroughtheWaterQualityenterprisefund.Asanenterprisefund,water treatment isfunded and operatedseparatelyfromotheroperationsofthecounty and theuseofitsrevenues,bondproceeds and grants‐in‐aidisrestrictedbypurpose.InaccordancewithRCW35.58,theWaterQualityfundisusedtoprovidesewage treatment and waterpollutionabatementservicestotheurbanizedareasofthecounty.TheWTDservesabout1.4millionpeoplewithina420‐square‐mileserviceareathatextendsthroughoutabroadareaofKingCounty and intoportionsofPierce and SnohomishCounties.TheWTDhaslong‐termsewage treatment agreementswith17cities and 17sewerdistrictsthatoperatesewagecollectionsystemswithintheWTDservicearea.Thesecity and regionalcollectorspaymonthlysewagedisposalchargestotheWTDpercontract,whicharedeterminedbasedonoperatingcosts and debtserviceoftheWTD.Inadditiontothesewercharges,theWTDcollectsacapacitychargeonallhomeowners and buildingownersinthecounty'sserviceareawhohaveconnectedtothesewersystemonorafterFebruary1,1990,perRCW35.58.570 and KingCountyCodeNo.28.84.050.Thesearecollectedona15‐year,monthlypaymentschedulewiththeoptiontoexerciseanearlypayoff.TheWTD’smajorfacilitiesincludethetworegional treatment plants,theWestPoint and South Treatment Plants,aswellastwosmaller treatment plantsonVashonIsland and inCarnation.TheBrightwater Treatment Plantlocatedinthenorthernpartoftheregionisscheduledtobecompletedin2010withoperationsstartingin2011.Adailyaverageof200milliongallonsofwater treatment fromhomes,industries and streetsreachthecounty’stworegional treatment plantsthrough47pumpstations,19regulatorstations and morethan335milesofsewerpipes.Operationsbeyondwater treatment arealsoperformedbytheWTD.Theseactionsincludebiosolids waste processing,reclaimedwaterprojects,odorcontrol,aswellastestingalternative treatment technologies.Thebasicwater treatment processisdepictedintheprocessdiagraminAppendixF.AlthoughthisdiagramisspecifictotheWestPointPlant,itsbasicoperationsaresimilartothoseattheSouthPlant.Asshowninthisdiagram,waterthatcomesintotheplantsundergoesaseriesofprocesses,including:• ... FigureBE‐1 and 2MonthlyResidentialWater treatment Charges(NotincludingCapacityCharges)TheSolid Waste Divisionalsocontainssitespecificconsiderationsthathampertheuseofcommonbenchmarkingmetricssuchascostpertontodisposeof waste. Examplesinclude:TheSWDscopeofoperationsincludescollectionsattransferstations,disposal and maintenanceatthelandfill, and monitoring and maintenanceofclosedlandfills.TheSWDdoesnotengageincurbsidecollectionof waste. Thisworkishandledbyprivatecontractors.Henceacomparativeanalysisoftippingfeesisdifficultbecauseothervendors’costswouldalsoreflectcurbsidecollection.TheSWDengagesinworkassociatedwithrecyclingeducation and waste reductionwhicharenotoftenpracticedbyprivatefirms.TheSWDengagesinworkassociatedwithGreenBuildingSupport and educationwhicharenotoftenpracticedbyprivatefirms.ToassessSWDoperationsErnst and YoungexaminedtheCedarHillsLandfill’sAirspaceUtilizationFactororAUF.TheAUFisameasureofthehistoricquantityof waste incorporatedintoagivenvolumeofairspace.TypicallytheAUFisexpressedinlbspercubicyard(lbs/cyd).Inthesolid waste industry,AUFisconsideredagoodperformancemeasurebecausethelandfill’skeyassetisitspermittedairspace and thegreaterthequantityof waste thatcanbedisposedofinasetquantityofairspacethemoreefficienttheoperation.BasedonreviewsofSWDdata,thehistoricAUFrealized for theCedarHillssiteis1,300lbs.percubicyard.Inthemorerecentlyconstructed and operationalareasofthelandfillnewdatasuggestthisfigureisslightlyhigher(over1,400lbs/cyd).Ernst&Young’sexperienceinconductingfinancialauditsofprivate waste managementfirmshasindicatedthattheindustryaverageAUFisgreaterthan1,400lbspercubicyardatmaturesites.ThecurrenttippingchargeattheCedarHillsLandfillis$95/ton.AswiththerateschargedbytheWTD,theSWDalsohasestablishedagoalofmaintainingcostsinlinewithinflation.FiguresBE2 and BE‐3presentedbelow20illustratedthedivision’sperformanceasof2007,priortotherecentrateincrease.Thecurrentdisposalrateis$95/ton.TheCityofSeattle,whichisnotpartoftheKingCountySWDserviceareahassetfeesof$130pertonthroughMarch9,2009 and $145pertoneffectiveJanuary1,2010.TheCityofTacomahasafeestructurebasedonthesizeofcontainersusedbyarearesidents.Residentswhoself‐haultothelandfillmaybechargedbytheton.Thecost for atonofself‐hauled waste for Tacomaresidentsis$114.KingCountyratesarethereforecomparabletootherserviceprovidersintheregion....

... ALTECH Environmental Consulting Ltd., the Ontario Centre for Environmental Technology Advancement (OCETA), and the Canadian Centre for Pollution Prevention (C2P2) to compile information on published ... motivate, inspire and provide guidance to food and beverage processors in Ontario on identifying and implementing measures to reduce their environmental footprint and water and waste management costs. ... Waste and Wastewater Effluent from Food and Beverage Processing Operations Case Studies Innovations in Minimizing Waste and Wastewater Effluent From Food and Beverage Processing Operations...

... conventional and non-conventional. This technology is an integral component of drinking water and wastewater treatment applications. It is, however, but one unit process within a modern ... P. Cheremisinoff is a private consultant to industry, lending institutions, and donor agencies, specializing in pollution prevention and environmental management. He has more than twenty years ... plant managers, environmental consultants, water treatment plant operators, and students. Subsequent volumes are intended to cover air pollution controls, and solid waste management and minimization....

... of napiergrass lines tested in southern and central Florida, grown on a range of soil and cultural practices including sewage eftluent and phosphate mining sites, were between 30,000 and 60,000 ... between and within clones, and within instrumental run were estimated with PROC NESTED. The multivariate analyses PROC CLUSTER and PROC CANDISC (discriminate analysis) were performed to identifY ... Science and Forestry, 1 Forestry Drive, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology Part A: Enzyme Engineering and Biotechnology Ashok Mulchandani· Editor-In-Chief...

... and Frank Loge 71Economic Analysis of Ethanol Production in CaliforniaUsing Traditional and Innovative Feedstock SuppliesEllen I. Burnes, John Hagen, Dennis Wichelns,* and Kristen Callens 95SESSION ... (DOE-OBP)National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL)Argonne National Laboratory (ANL)Idaho National Engineering and Environment Laboratory (INEEL)Pacific Northwest ... Recycled Newspaper by Addition of Surfactantin Ammonia–Hydrogen Peroxide PretreatmentSung Bae Kim* and Jin Won Chun 1023Study on Methane Fermentation and Productionof Vitamin B12 from Alcohol Waste...

... ozonation kineticsof model compounds and wastewaters.Dr. Beltr n is a member of the International Ozone Association and a memberof the editorial board of Ozone Science and Engineering and International ... ofchlorine for wastewater disinfection and the preservation of aquatic life. Thus,alternative oxidant-disinfectant agents are needed for wastewater treatment. Asshown in Chapter 6, ozone has been ... Research, Environmental Science and Technology, Water Research, and Applied Catalysis B.Dr. Beltr n teaches courses on chemical reaction engineering to undergraduatestudents and ozone reaction kinetics...

... Operators18.1.1The Wastewater Treatment Process: The Model18. 2Wastewater Terminology and DeÞnitions18.2.1Terminology and DeÞnitions18.3Measuring Plant Performance18.3.1Plant Performance and EfÞciency18.3.2Unit ... prevention of disease and nuisance conditions;(2) avoidance of contamination of water supplies and nav-igable waters; (3) maintenance of clean water for survivalof fish, bathing, and recreation; ... diseaseorganisms and toxic substances. In addition, the purposeof wastewater treatment has been to protect the health and well being of our communities. Water and wastewater treatment operations have...

... important social aspects of sanitation and broader economic aspects. An integrated view of sanitation planning where planners move beyond figures of initial investment, and operation and maintenance ... sustainability of a wastewater treatment technology is a function of economic, environmental and social dimensions, and the selection and interpretation of indicators is influenced by an area’s ... investment for centralized treatment and waste stabilization Journal of Water and Environment Technology, Vol. 8, No.4, 2010 - 282 - ponds is needed, as well as intensive land requirements and...