... F4or reducible fraction of Ni, Cu, and Cd and residual fraction of Zn and Pb, but decreased F2fraction of Zn,F3 of Zn and Ni, F4fraction of Zn and F5fraction of Ni, Cu, and Cd. Metal ... soil, orto distinguish the effects of the spiked metals from that of other metals and various other contaminants present in thesludge. Since, bioavailability of metals added to soil as metalsalts ... bioavailability of metals addedthrough non-spiked sewage sludge [5], sludge spiked withadditional quantity of metals is commonly incubated for aperiod of time, to allow the metals to react...