... of the Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 142–150,
Portland, Oregon, June 19-24, 2011.
c
2011 Association for Computational Linguistics
Learning Word Vectors for Sentiment Analysis
Andrew ... Pham, Dan Huang,
Andrew Y. Ng, and Christopher Potts
Stanford University
Stanford, CA 94305
[amaas, rdaly, ptpham, yuze, ang, cgpotts]@stanford.edu
Abstract
Unsupervised vector-based...
... allows that use of future information in ad-
dition to past information. The pipeline model nat-
urally allows access to all the past information.
Algorithm 3 Pseudo code for the look ahead algo-
rithm. ... rightmost S action taken before a
non-S action happens. Note that it is possible that
there is a relation between a and b, but we can-
not perform R or L now. Therefore, we should
consid...
... a score, used to rank
parse candidates. For parsing of strings, the score
for a chart edge is the product of the scores of any
child edges and the score for the creation of the new
edge, as given ... quality for ASR. WER is the
count of incorrect words in hypothesis
ˆ
W per word
in the true string W. For measurement, we must as-
sume prior knowledge of W and the best alignment
of th...
... longer afford to waste human time and effort
building manually these ever changing and in-
complete databases or design language specific
applications to solve this problem. The need for
an automatic ... brackets).
For average size texts (e.g. the Written Ques-
tions), these words account for about 5% of the
total (about 3k words / text). This number varies
according to language similar...
... disturbing elements. As for morphol-
ogy, verbs are expanded with all their tense forms
(i.e. present, present continuous, past tense and past
participle). Synonyms and morphological forms are
added ... before, AltaVista was used as
search engine.
A baseline for the answer validation experiment
was defined by considering how often an answer oc-
curs in the top 10 documents among those (100...
... attentional information to produce
coherent text (McKeown, 1985, McCoy, 1985,
Paris, 1988b),
omitting
intentional informa-
tion, or
conflating
intentional and rhetorical
information (Hovy, ...
ers. This is necessary for linguis-
tic reasons (e.g., to generate the
appropriate clausal connectives in
multi-sentential responses) and for
responding to requests for elabora-
tion...
... Association for Computational Linguistics:
Proceedings of the Conference,
Association for
Computational Linguistics, Morristown, NJ, pp.
17-24.
271
A COMPUTATIONAL MECHANISM FOR PRONOMINAL REFERENCE ... mechanism
for handling bound anaphora, disjoint reference, and
pronominal reference. The algorithm maps over
every node in a parse tree in a left-to-right, depth first
man...
... incu-
bated for 4 days with each of the peptides (10 lm), and
cells were fixed and used for immunocytochemical analyses.
Immunocytochemistry
Neurons were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 20 min
at ... to transformed Ca
2+
-competent E. coli
cells (ER2566) by heat shock. The transformed cells were
spread on LB agar plates containing ampicillin
(50 mgÆL
)1
), single colonies were picked fo...
... resulted in the formation of 20,23-di-
hydroxyvitamin D3 (RT = 30 min) and trihydroxyvi-
tamin D3 (RT = 22 min) (Fig. 4A). A small lag (0–
3 min) was seen in the time course for formation of
trihydroxyvitamin ... correlations for 3-CH and 23-CH; (B) expan-
sion of proton–proton TOCSY correlations for 3-CH and 23-CH; (C)
expansion of proton–carbon HSQC showing groups having correla-
tion...
... context in-
formation at the sentence level, we adopt the
topical context information in our method for
the following reasons: (1) the topic informa-
tion captures the context information beyond
the ... a
novel approach for translation model adapta-
tion by utilizing in-domain monolingual top-
ic information instead of the in-domain bilin-
gual corpora, which incorporates the topic in-
fo...