... made in dissecting stroke mechanisms involving excitotoxicityand ionic imbalance, oxidative and nitrosative stress,neuroinflammation and apoptotic-like pathways in neurons. However, clinically ... protein kinase c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK) pathway is known to trigger many cell deathpathways including caspases, and many studies haveshown that JNK inhibitors are neuroprotective in rodent ... metalloproteinases, theirinhibitors, and laminin in stroke patients: in uence ofdifferent therapies. Stroke 34, 2165–2170.26 Gu Z, Kaul M, Yan B, Kridel SJ, Cui J, Strongin A,Smith JW, Liddington...