... Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
Ostro, Bart.
Outdoor air pollution : assessing the environmental burden of disease at national and
local levels / Bart Ostro.
(Environmental burden of disease ... Citation
Ostro B. Outdoor air pollution: Assessing the environmental burden of disease at
national and local levels. Geneva, World H...
... Organization.
WHO (2004b). Evaluation of the costs and benefits of water and sanitation improvements at the global level. Geneva, World
Health Organization.
WHO (2005a). Water-related diseases: ... factors, and
in terms of the categories of diseases and health conditions affected. The
analysis makes use of the results from the CRA, complemented by extensive
lit...
... burden of disease and mortality
associated with malnutrition
3.1 Summary of the method
To obtain an estimate of the burden of disease associated with malnutrition, in terms of
deaths and morbidity, ... permissions@who.int).
The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not
imply the expression of any opinion...
... statistical
uncertainty of the base-case estimates was quantified by estimating the joint
uncertainty in the estimates of annual mean concentration and the estimates
of the relative risks. The sensitivity of the base-case ... disease,
worldwide and for each of 14 world regions. The burden of disease attribut-
able to urban outdoor air pollution was es...
... scarcity.
The 3. Working Group on Biofuels focuses on the specific topic of biofuels,
and their specific implications on land use and other pressures, and their
contribution to the solution of the ... analysing
the causes, we look at the immediate emitters
and resource extractors, and the demand
for the materials and products that they
generate. This procedu...
... at the Assembly in 2007,
requested the WHO Director-General to “…
strengthen the information and evidence culture of
the Organization and to ensure the use of accurate
and timely health statistics ... is the leading
cause of cancer deaths in the African Region and in
the low- and middle-income countries of the Region
of the Americas. In the South-...
... in England and Wales (Census 2001); ** in England and Wales
THE BURDEN OF DISEASE
ATTRIBUTABLE TO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Professor Ian Mathews and Dr Sharon Parry
Department of Epidemiology, ... 1999).
The burden of disease attributable to environmental pollution
23
9.4 Burden of disease
The World Health Organisation has assessed the di...
... level:
1. The downwind concentration at any location is directly proportional to the mass
emission rate of the source.
2. The more turbulent the atmosphere, the more rapid the spread of the plume in the
direction ... area and the measured wind speed. The
CARB study indicated that outdoor SHS concentrations are detectable and sometimes
comparable to indoor con...
...
global and regional burden of disease. Lancet 2002; 360: 1347-1360.
34. Desai MA, Mehta S, Smith KR.
Indoor Smoke from Solid Fuels: Assessing the Environmental
Burden of Disease at National and Local ... Local Levels. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2004.
(WHO Environmental Burden of Disease Series, No. 4).
35. World Health Organization.
Internatio...
...
PM
2.5
air quality in downwind states and helps them attain and maintain
the 24-hour PM
2.5
air quality standards established in 2006 and the 1997
annual PM
2.5
standards.
Twenty states ... to 26.
The table at the end of this fact sheet identifies the states covered by the final
rule and the emissions they will need to control, including the six sta...