... and Movement Disorders 1Rationale for Surgical TherapyIBasal Ganglia and Movement Disorders 33From: Current Clinical Neurology:Surgical Treatment of Parkinson's Disease and Other Movement ... inputs from the dorsal raphe nucleus (DR). The striatum projects directly, and indirectly via the GPe and STN, to the output nuclei of the basal ganglia, the GPi, and SNr (1–3). The direct and indirect ... motornuclei in the medulla and spinal cord (Fig. 1). Therefore, the major circuitry of the basal ganglia isfrom the cortex, through its component structures, which then convey the information to the thala-mus...