... that made it a popular choice for study by early physicians, especially for the examinationof women, who could not be directly examined because re-ligious beliefs forbade it. Greek physician ... relied on the bubble patterns offreshly passed urine to foretell the future. Not content topeer into the darkness of a brass chamber pot, physiciansand magicians developed the matula, a glass ... in men accounts for thin-ning scalp and genital hair, enlarged breasts (gy-necomastia), red palms (palmar erythema), atrophictestes, and spider angiomas—small vascular malfor-mations of skin...