... very simple measures ofthese background characteristics and islimited to simple statistical measuressuch as percents and averages. Furtherresearch on the 1995 NSFG will explore the usefulness ... 109twoeventsiscalculatedbysubtractingthedateoffirstintercoursesincemenarchefromthedateoffirstmarriage.Iffirstintercourseaftermenarcheoccurredafterfirstmarriage,orbotheventsoccurredinthesamemonth,itisindicatedaccordinglyintable26.Monthspregnantwhenprenatalcarebegan—Forallpregnanciesendinginanywayotherthaninducedabortionin1991–95,womenwereaskedtoreportiftheyhadevervisitedadoctor,midwife,orclinicforprenatalcare.Thosewhoreportedanyprenatalcarewerethenaskedhowmanyweeksormonthspregnanttheywerewhentheyfirstwentforprenatalcare.ThePNCAREWKrecodeindicatesthenumberofweekspregnantatfirstprenatalvisit.Table83givesthepercentdistributionofPNCAREWKforallpregnanciesthatresultedinlivebirthin1991–95 .The categoriesshownare‘‘lessthan3months,’’‘‘3–4months,’’and‘‘5monthsormoreornoprenatalcare.’’‘‘Lessthan3months’’isdefinedaslessthan13weeks,tobeconsistentwiththedefinitionofearly(firsttrimester)prenatalcareinpreviousreportsfromtheNSFG.Mother’seducation(recode=EDUCMOM)—‘‘Mother’seducation’’wasclassifiedaccordingtothehighestgradeofregularschoolorcollegecompletedbytherespondent’smotherormother-figure.ThismeasurediffersslightlyfrompastNSFGreportsthatwerebasedonaquestionaskingforeducationof‘‘mother’’or‘‘stepmother.’’TheCycle5versiondiffersbecausetheidentityofthemotherormother-figurewasascertainedinamorepreciseway:ifthechildhoodlivingarrangementsshowedthattherespondentlivedwithhernaturalmotheratsomepointandneverlivedwithafemaleparentotherthanthenaturalmother,thenthenaturalmotheristhepersonaboutwhomeducationwasasked.Otherwise ,the respondentwasasked:‘‘Who,ifanyone,doyouthinkofasthewomanwhomostlyraisedyouwhenyouwereateenager?’’Thepersonreportedbecomesthepersonaboutwhomeducationisasked.Respondentseligibleforthatquestionwereallowedtorespond‘‘nosuchperson,’’and0.7percentofsamplecasesfellintothiscategory.Thiscategoryislabeled‘‘nomother-figureidentified’’inthetables.Anadditional4.3percentofinterviewedwomenhadmissingdataonmother s education,andthesevaluesfortheEDUCMOMrecodewereimputed.Nonvoluntaryfirstsexualintercourse—Thevoluntary/nonvoluntarystatusoffirstintercoursewasdeterminedfromtwoquestionsintheinterviewer-administeredinterview.First,respondentswereasked:‘‘LookingatthescaleonCardC-3,whichnumberwouldyousaycomesclosesttodescribinghowmuchyouwantedthatfirstsexualintercoursetohappen?Onthisscale,a1meansthatyoureallydidn’twantittohappenatthetime,anda10meansthatyoureallywantedittohappen.’’Womenwhorespondedtothisquestionthattheirfirstintercoursewasarapeareclassifiedashavingnonvoluntaryfirstintercourse.Respondentswhoreportedanythingotherthan‘‘rape’’wereasked:‘‘Wouldyousaythenthatthisfirstsexualintercoursewasvoluntaryornotvoluntary?’’Respondentsanswering‘‘notvoluntary’’arealsoclassifiedashavingnonvoluntaryfirstintercourseforthetable(table21).Numberofhusbandsorcohabitingpartners—TherecodeFMARNOgivesthenumberoftimesawomanhasbeenlegallymarried.Womenwerealsoaskedthenumberofothercohabitingpartnerstheymayhavehad.Table37isbasedonthetotalnumberofhusbandsandcohabitingpartners,computedasfollows:FMARNO+(1ifcurrentlycohabiting)+(#ofothercohabitingpartners)Husbandswithwhomawomanalsocohabited(outsideofmarriage)arecountedonlyonce,ashusbands.Numberofmalesexualpartners—Eachwomanwhohadeverhadvoluntarysexualintercousewasaskedtoreportthenumberorrange(low-high)ofmaleswithwhomshehashadsexual(vaginal)intercourseinherlife,asofthedateofinterview.ShewasalsoaskedtoreporthernumberofmalesexualpartnerssinceJanuary1991(roughlythelast5years)andinthelast12months.Ifarangeofpartnerswasreported ,the numberofpartnerswascalculatedastheaverageofthelowandhighnumbers.Inthosefewcaseswheretherespondentreportedzeropartnersforthelowendoftherangeandonepartnerforthehighend,thenumberofpartnerswassetequaltoone.Respondentswhohadneverhadintercourseorwhohadonlyhad(first)nonvoluntaryintercoursewereassignedzero.Thereweretwoversionsofthisseriesofthreequestionsaboutnumberofmalesexualpartners.Thedescriptionaboveappliestotheversionintheinterviewer-administeredportionofthesurvey,andtheseresultsarepresentedintables27,29,and31.ThesequestionswererepeatedintheAudioCASI,orself-administered,portionofthesurvey,attheendoftheinterview.Eachpairofquestions(interviewer-administeredandself-administered)waswordedalmostidentically,althoughtheAudioCASIquestionsaskedforaspecificnumberanddidnotallowarangetobegiven.Also,thequestionsintheself-administeredportionwereprefacedbythefollowinginstruction:‘‘ ... 19ofinterviewbecausesheorherpartnerwantedhertobecomepregnantassoonaspossible.Postpartum—Awomanwasclassifiedas‘‘postpartum’’ifshereportedthatshewasnotcurrentlyusingamethod,wasnottryingtobecomepregnant,andherlastpregnancyhadterminatedlessthanorequalto2monthsbeforethetimeofinterview.Othernonusers—Womenwhoreportedthattheywereusingnocontraceptivemethodsforanyreasoninthemonthofinterviewandcouldnotbeotherwiseclassifiedwereconsidered‘‘nonusers.’’Includedarewomenwhoneverhad(voluntary)intercoursesincetheirfirstmenstrualperiod;womenwhohadintercoursebutnotinthe3monthsbeforetheinterview;orwomenwhohadintercourseatsometimeinthe3monthsbeforetheinterviewbutwerenotusingamethodinthemonthofinterview.+Contraceptors:Awomanwhoreportedusingoneormorecontraceptivemethodsforanyreasoninthemonthofinterviewwasclassifiedbythemosteffectivemethodsheused.Thepriorityorderofuse-effectiveness,frommosteffectivemethodtoleasteffective,was:female(contraceptive)sterilization,male(contraceptive)sterilization,Norplantimplant,Depo-Proverainjectable,pill,morning-afterpill,IUD,diaphragm(withorwithoutjellyorcream),malecondom,femalecondom(vaginalpouch),foam,cervicalcap,Today(TM)sponge,suppository,jellyorcream,periodicabstinence,withdrawal,andothermethods.Intables41and42,mostofthecategory‘‘othermethods’’iscomprisedofthespermicidemethods—includingfoam,Today(TM)sponge,suppository,andjellyorcream.(Consult1995NSFGPublicUseFileDocumentation,Appendix1,forpreciserecodespecificationsforCONSTAT1.)Douching—Allrespondentsin1995wereaskedaboutvaginaldouching:‘‘Somewomendoucheafterintercourseoratothertimes,whileotherwomendonot.Doyoudoucheregularly?’ The percentsanswering‘‘yes’’tothisquestionareshownintable90accordingtoraceandHispanicoriginandothercharacteristics.Educationatinterview(recode=HIEDUC)—ThismeasureofeducationalattainmentdiffersslightlyfrompreviousNSFGreportsinthatittakesintoaccountthehighestdegreereceivedaswellasthehighestgrade/yearofschoolcompleted,whereaspreviousreportsmeasurededucationonlybythenumberofyearscompleted.HIEDUCisintendedtobecomparabletothemeasureusedbytheBureauofCensusinCurrentPopulationSurveyreportsbeginningin1992(37).‘‘Yearsofschooling’’measuresofeducationcandifferfrom‘‘Highestdegree’’measuresofeducation,forexample,ifawomanhascompletedfewerthan12yearsofschoolbuthasahighschooldegree,orifawomanhascompletedmorethan12yearsbutdoesnothaveahighschooldegree.ThecategoriesofHIEDUCweredefinedasfollows:+Nohighschooldiplomaorgeneralequivalencydiploma(GED) The womanreceivednohighschooldegree,GED,orcollegediploma,regardlessofthehighestgradeofschoolcompleted.+HighschooldiplomaorGED The highestdegreethewomanobtainedisahighschooldiplomaorGED,andherhighestcompletedgradeofschoolis12orlower.+Somecollege,nobachelor s degree—ThehighestdegreethewomanobtainedisahighschooldiplomaorGED,butthehighestgradeofschoolcompletedishigherthan12orthehighestdegreeisanAssociate’sdegree.+Bachelor’sdegreeorhigher The womanreportedhavingacollegeoruniversitydegreeatthebachelor s levelorhigher,regardlessofhighestgradecompleted.Thetablesinthisreportshoweducationonlyforwomen22–44yearsofageatinterviewbecauselargepercentagesofwomen15–21arestillattendingschool.Everforcedtohaveintercourse/Ageatfirstforcedintercourse—DuringtheAudioCASI,orself-administered,portionofthesurvey,womenwereasked(eitherbyreadingthecomputerscreenorlisteningtotheheadphones):‘‘Atanytimeinyourlife,haveyoueverbeenforcedbyamantohavesexualintercourseagainstyourwill?’’Iftherespondenthadindicatedearlierintheinterviewer-administeredportionofthesurveythatherfirstintercoursewasarapeorwasnotvoluntary,shewasinsteadasked:‘‘Besidesthetimeyoutoldyourintervieweraboutearlier,haveyoueverbeenforcedbyamantohavesexualintercourseagainstyourwill?’’Ageatfirstforcedintercoursewasascertainedforthoseresponding‘‘yes’’tothefirstitemwiththequestion:‘‘Howoldwereyoutheveryfirsttimeyouwereforcedbyamantohavesexualintercourseagainstyourwill?’’Everhadsexualintercourseaftermenarche—Thismeasure,usedintable19,indicateswhethertherespondenthashadintercourseatallafterherfirstmenstrualperiod.Firstintercourseaftermenarcheisusedbecauseitmarksthebeginningofherexposuretothe‘‘risk’’ofpregnancy.Thismeasureiscomparabletothe‘‘everhadsexualintercourseaftermenarche’’measureusedinmanyreportsbasedonpreviouscyclesoftheNSFG.Inmostcases,thisvariableisequivalenttoSEXEVER(‘‘Hasrespondenteverhadvoluntaryintercoursesincefirstmenstrualperiod’’)exceptforahandfulofcasesinwhichthewomanhadhadintercourseonlyonceaftermenarche,andthatintercoursewasnotvoluntary.Thosecaseswerereclassifiedonthebasisoftwoothervariablesinthedatafile:(a)theHADSEXrecode,whichmeasureswhethersheeverhadintercourseatall,and(b )the MENARCHRrecode,whichspecifiesherageatfirstmenstrualperiod.Theprimaryquestiononwhichthesemeasuresarebasedis:‘‘Atanytimeinyourlife,haveyoueverhadsexualintercoursewithaman,thatis,madelove,hadsex,orgonealltheway?’’Series23,No.19[Page105Ever-use...