... is activated in response to cytokines involved mostly in cellproliferation; STAT1 is activated by cytokines, including interferon-c,involved in defence against pathogens and the inhibition of ... sig-nalling [3–5] and of cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6[6]. It is also involved in transformation and tumourprogression [7] and its activation, as detected in breast,head and neck, lung and ... hairpin decoy, but not control ODN, inhibitedcell proliferation, eliminating any possible effects as aresult of the introduction of DNA within cells, and indicating that, in itself, the interaction...