... is closely tied to the grammar of the parser; for it is the parsing grammar that specifies what sort of constituents count as the same for copying. For example, if the grammar did not treat ... the surface string (i.e., for transcripts, the orthographic string) before any syntactic proct i,~. For example, in (7), the underlined strings are expunged before parsing begins. (7a) Well ... lexicon contains, for each word, a list of possible lexical categories, subcategorization information, and in a few cases, information on compound words. For example, the entry for round states...