... sincexis fixed during training and decod-ing, and we assume that the model is fully identifiedduring decoding. This is for clarity only and does notlimit the class of models, though we will introduceadditional, ... Jansche,2005). More specialized methods also exist, for ex-ample for support vector machines (Musicant et al.,2003) and for conditional random fields (Gross et al.,2007; Suzuki et al., 2006).All ... ex-ists for training classifiers that optimize the F-score,or some similar trade-off between false positives and false negatives, precision and recall, sensitivity and specificity, type I error and...