... protein activates the ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and (b)phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activates the protein kin-ase B/glycogen synthase kinase-3 cascade. Recent datasuggest ... 1922–1929.11. Bandyopadhyay, G., Standaert, M.L., Zhao, L., Yu B., Avignon, A. , Galloway, L., Karnam, P., Moscat, J. & Farese, R.V. (1997)Activation of protein kinase C (a, b,andf)byinsulinin3T3/L1cells. ... insulinaction [8,10,14,15]. In contrast, the available data on hepatic systems arescarce, controversial and have been obtained using primaryadult rat hepatocyte suspensions and cultures, and...