... EC, endothelial cell; FGF, fibroblast growth factor; HIF, hypoxia-inducible factor; PlGF, placenta growth factor; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; VEGFR, vascular endothelial growth factor ... dependent on the vascular endothelial growth fac-tor ⁄ vascular endothelial growth factor receptor(VEGF ⁄ VEGFR) system [1,2], and the further devel-opment of blood vessels in various tissues and organs,including ... (2003) The biologyof VEGF and its receptors. Nat Med 9, 669–679.2 Shibuya M (2008) Vascular endothelial growth factor- dependent and -independent regulation of angiogenesis.BMB Rep 41 , 278–286.3...