... Vietnam National University and, in particular, Dr Vo Quy,Dr Truong Quang Hoc and Vo Thanh Giang, for supportingthis research. I am grateful to Dr Le Tran Chan for assistancein identifying specimens. ... harvesting and transport), forestry,house maintenance (electricity, repair and upgrade, householdgoods), food costs, schooling costs, health costs, agriculturaland land taxes and miscellaneous ... income and subsistencepurposes were considered.Other studies have noted the importance of land tenure.The landless and land-poor are often more dependent on forestproduct collection than the land-rich...