16 microorganisms in the environment

Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 16 (end) pptx

Ngày tải lên : 18/06/2014, 16:20

... EE2, NADH, and other components in the presence of an AMO-containing enzyme extract; the molar ratio of NADH/ EE2 determined during the incubation was 2.2, which is consistent with the action of ... eliminated and were discharged at a level of approximately 95% of their initial concentration; they did find, however, that the elimination in the anoxic region of the biofilm reactor improved the ... Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems ethinylestradiol) at municipal WWTPs in Spain They found that the overall removal efficiencies ranged between 70 and 90% for the fragrances,...

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Enzymes in the Environment: Activity, Ecology and Applications - Chapter 16 pptx

Ngày tải lên : 11/08/2014, 15:20

... Dekker, Inc method uses biological properties, including the enzymes alkaline phosphatase, sulfatase, arginine deaminase, protease, invertase, and dehydrogenase, in combination with other soil ... partial-inhibition, model, the inhibitor reduces the afﬁnity of the enzyme for its substrate but does not prevent the enzyme-catalyzed reaction As the inhibitor combines with the enzyme, inhibition increases ... of these particular enzymes is not clear, a discriminant function combining seven properties, including alkaline phosphatase and arginine deaminase activities, correctly classiﬁed 86% of the...

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Heavy Metals in the Environment - Chapter 16 potx

Ngày tải lên : 11/08/2014, 15:20

... threefold higher than in normal individuals Copper absorption in the intestine is normal, suggesting that there is defect in copper transport out of the intestinal epithelium and into the circulation ... (211,213) The H63D mutation in HFE is located in the analog of the peptide-binding domain This mutation does not appear to disrupt the binding of HFE to β 2microglobulin; the intracellular trafﬁcking ... Copper-Binding Domains Some facets of the structure and copper-binding properties of the copper-binding domains of ATP7B and ATP7A are known The solution structure of the fourth copper-binding subdomain...

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Modeling phosphorus in the environment - Chapter 16 pps

Ngày tải lên : 12/08/2014, 00:22

... Modeling Phosphorus in the Environment ﬁnancial investment Another potential disadvantage of automated samplers is their utilization of a single intake point, which is discussed in detail in the ... near the threshold will override the speciﬁed sampling interval and result in unnecessary samples 16.2.4.2 Sampling Interval The second important setting is the interval on which to sample once the ... storm sampling settings (storm sampling threshold, sampling interval, discrete/composite sampling) directly affects the uncertainty of storm water quality data These settings determine whether constituent...

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Organic Chemicals in the Environment pdf

Ngày tải lên : 14/03/2014, 19:20

... aeruginosa This bacterium was able to survive the routine disinfection of the inhalant during manufacturing by forming a biofilm comprised of many colonies The contaminated inhalers contained ... and the immune system Biofilms were recognized in 1994 following a case that involved the infection of hundreds of asthmatics It was found that all the asthmatics used the same inhalant contaminated ... units in fatty acid synthesis Acetyl group Coenzyme A •Beta-mercaptoethylamine •Pantothenic acid •Phosphate •3', 5'-adenosine diphosphate Suberin is found in bark Waxes are also found in suberin,...

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Novel Materials in the Environment: The case of nanotechnology ppt

Ngày tải lên : 15/03/2014, 16:20

... knowledge of the content and use of products containing ENPs in the UK; 2) developing an understanding of the factors and processes affecting the fate and transport of ENPs in the environment; 3) the ... nanomaterials both in the laboratory and in situ.69 For example, we were told that the metal-binding protein metallothionein responds to the presence of cadmium-containing nanomaterials, signalling their ... on how a material interacts with organisms and its behaviour in the environment They change at the nanoscale; for example the forces binding individual surface atoms to the interior of a nanoparticle...

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Acid in the environment lessons learned and future prospects ertu

Ngày tải lên : 16/03/2014, 11:43

... was first reported in the United Kingdom in the later half of the 19th Century (Gorham 1992) Ecological effects were first documented in Scandinavia in the 1960s with the link between acidic ... of the Dean of Faculty and the President We thank the following faculty, staff and students of Connecticut College for their assistance in a number of ways including planning and carrying out the ... agencies Acid in the Environment also may serve as a book of readings in introductory courses pertaining to ecology, environmental policy and environmental economics We see our book as a springboard...

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Human Pharmaceuticals in the Environment: Current and Future Perspectives pot

Ngày tải lên : 16/03/2014, 22:20

... by the medicinal product to the environment The development of the PERA guideline in the EU took 13 years in all, with several draft guidelines published during that time [68, 69] In 2006, the ... published in 1998 in the USA and in 2006 in the European Union (EU) In other countries, PERAs are requested (e.g Australia) or formal own guidelines are in the making (Canada, Japan) In addition, ... contained in medicines marketed in Sweden were originally produced in India, most of them with the same insufﬁcient control and treatment of production efﬂuents One of the consequences of these investigations...

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF SOILS IN THE ENVIRONMENT ppt

Ngày tải lên : 23/03/2014, 01:20

... about the soil in all its manifestations – in nature and in relation to the life of humans Daniel Hillel Editor -in- Chief May 2004 INTRODUCTION The Encyclopedia of Soils in the Environment contains ... of them The OH radical is often regarded as the natural cleaning agent of the atmosphere In turn, trace gases influence atmospheric concentrations of OH The two other key oxidizing species in the ... to the input This results in a progressive decline in base saturation Where the dominating anion leached is SO2À, the main source of acidity is H2SO4 from acidic deposition In most cases, the...

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Artificial Light in the Environment ppt

Ngày tải lên : 29/03/2014, 14:20

... high level in 1993 Other than these, the only areas showing no real increase in levels were in remote mountainous regions of Scotland and Wales Outdoor lighting in the UK continues to grow at an ... houses, being favoured in no slight degree Even in these places, the inhabitants had often good reason for extinguishing their lamp as soon as it was lighted; and the watch being utterly inefficient ... scientists The growing use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in lighting in advertising poses a potential challenge due to their high light intensities and the distracting effect of rapidly changing images.29...

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Odor Pollution in the Environment and the Detection Instrumentation potx

Ngày tải lên : 29/03/2014, 14:20

... during the past years is summarized in Table A.Yuwono and P Schulze Lammers “Odor Pollution in the Environment and the Detection Instrumentation” Agricultural Engineering International: the ... or odor mixtures in water must also be taken into account, since the sampling technique in the field involves a cooling step where a part of odor compounds will be dissolved in the condensate water ... contaminant as a substance that • Waste Management act in British Columbia Province “interferes or is capable of interfering with the normal conduct of business” Includes odor in its definition...

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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 1 pot

Ngày tải lên : 18/06/2014, 16:20

... not intended to infer that the presence of these compounds in the environment is new These chemicals have been released into the environment as long as they have been in production or, in the ... and other endogenous compounds, since the rise of animal life What is emerging is the interest by the scientific and lay communities in the presence of these chemicals in the environment, the ... 40, number 23) to the topic of ECs, illustrating the increased interest in the subject Within the ECs, one particular class that has seen a substantial increase in research over the past 10 years...

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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 2 docx

Ngày tải lên : 18/06/2014, 16:20

... substances are included in this group (heroin, tetrahydrocannabinol, cocaine, phencyclidine, LSD, psilocybin, and mescaline), only one study about the occurrence of cocaine in the aquatic environment ... using ESI in positive mode showing ion suppression in the ESI source.26 To evaluate the matrix effects, the authors infused continuously a standard solution into the mass spectrometer and then ... specificity However, the IC-ICP-MS method offered the possibility of detecting other iodine-containing compounds besides the target analytes For the determination of ICM in environmental samples,...

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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 3 pdf

Ngày tải lên : 18/06/2014, 16:20

... that during the contact time of 14 hours used in the study, the microorganisms have either incorporated the pharmaceuticals into the organic matter content of the soil or have degraded the pharmaceuticals ... used to rinse the sorbent and to allow contact of the analytes with the solid phase The next step involves the “loading” of the sample onto the cartridge The sample is passed through the cartridge ... cartridge, where they are retained The SAX cartridge is then removed, and the tetracyclines are eluted from the HLB cartridge, minimizing the concentration of humic acids in the sample removed...

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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 4 potx

Ngày tải lên : 18/06/2014, 16:20

... degraders in the aquatic environment, thus lowering the exposure with introduced contaminants Furthermore, some of the microorganisms (bluegreen algae) also represent the trophic level of producers The ... within 10 days The degradation of the reference substances fulfilled the quality criteria set by the guidelines (i.e., the inoculum was viable and active) The elimination of organic carbon in the ... was tested at the same DOC concentration in order to verify the viability and activity of the degrading microorganisms Furthermore, one flask containing both the test substance and the reference...

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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 5 pot

Ngày tải lên : 18/06/2014, 16:20

... Over the past 10 years the scientific community has become increasingly interested in the impacts of veterinary medicines on the environment, and there have been significant developments in the ... be incorporated into the calculation The model calculated the concentration of the veterinary medicine in animal manure and then uses the nitrogen content of the manure and the maximum spreading ... understanding of the inputs of livestock medicines to the environment and synthesizes the available information on the fate and transport of veterinary pharmaceuticals in manure and soils Toward the...

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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 6 pptx

Ngày tải lên : 18/06/2014, 16:20

... showed that clindamycin decreased the intensity of the water absorption band, which was attributed to the replacement of hydrated exchangeable cations in the clay’s interlayer by clindamycin Under ... (50 g/L), intended to eliminate biodegradation, increased these times to 90 h and 500 h, respectively In contrast, aerating the systems in either the presence or absence of NaN3 reduced the 90% ... and E1, further negating the electrostatic interaction hypothesis In each of these cases, sorption to the minerals was estimated by difference rather than by direct quantification of the sorbed...

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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 7 pot

Ngày tải lên : 18/06/2014, 16:20

... result is quite interesting considering the composition of the tylosin applied to the top of the column; tylosin D only accounted for approximately 10% in the formulation applied Finding such different ... contain subsurface tile drain networks, which may drain directly into streams and other surface water bodies Based on the lack of data regarding the leaching ability of tylosin factors in soil, ... Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems Recently, antibiotics, including the veterinary antibiotic tylosin, which is described in this study, were found in 48% of 139...

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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 8 potx

Ngày tải lên : 18/06/2014, 16:20

... concept including urine recycling will lead to an input of these compounds into the top soil layer of agricultural fields or will limit the usability of the urine The experiments described in this ... in the concurrent processes sorption/binding, degradation, leaching, and plant uptake The share of these processes depends predominantly on the properties of the compounds and the soils and the ... spiked sea sand at the beginning of the experiment Unfortunately, the high concentrations prevented the grass from growing A reduction in dose and in the number of compounds (initially 10 compounds...

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Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems - Chapter 9 docx

Ngày tải lên : 18/06/2014, 16:20

... glutathione (GSH).24 The G site is a conserved group of amino acids located in the N terminal domain of the polypeptide The C terminal domain contains the binding site for the hydrophobic substrate ... genes, with the tau and phi classes being most abundant Each monomer of the GST dimer is composed of two binding sites The more internal binding site (G site) is responsible for binding glutathione ... perspective of the response of the plants to the antibiotic, the total proteins were subjected to SDS-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) Interestingly, a distinct increase in bands at the range...

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﻿16 microorganisms in the environment

16 microorganisms in the environment