... which included 68 patients with brucellosis and 70 control group, sensitivity and specificity were found to be 45.5 % and 97.1 % for Ig M and 79 % and 100 % for Ig G respectively (10) When the ... tests, immuncapture agglutination and ELISA Ig M and Ig G tests, which are based on sandwich ELISA system, are standardized tests that have high diagnostic value and can be used interchangeably ... of the antibodies and blocking antibodies that form against brucella, the titers that it has determined were higher in number than STA and Coombs methods has higher sensitivity and specificity...
... content and also observe the tone of voice, pacing, and emphasis They maintain good eye contact and/ or acknowledge They listen with an ear to question and integrate They observe body language and ... message that is clear, customer-focused, and graphic You must know what you want to communicate and use words and images that the customer can understand and relate to The second level of positioning ... your critical and creative skills to understand the customer’s needs, language, and perspective and to create the link to your offerings To position your message: I I I Integrate and begin with...
... transfer, subscripts F and P indicate system fuel and system product, respectively, NK is the number of system components, and NP and NF are the numbers of system products and fuels, respectively ... used, and their minimum and maximum allowable values In problem OP11, in addition to the evident consideration of the turbines and HRSGs, some decision variables associated with the condenser and ... function OF is the same, and the process steam and process hot water demands are assumed constant Here, the larger problem OP11 is considered for both mathematical optimization and exergoeconomic improvement...
... Strictly Speaking Less and least can also be used to form the comparative and superlative degrees of most adjectives and adverbs, as in less attractive and least attractive Less and fewer cannot be ... Gooder, Goodest: Irregular Adjectives and Adverbs Of course, life can't be that easy in the land of adjectives and adverbs And so it isn't A few adjectives and adverbs don't follow these rules ... easily C h a p t e r : How to Writeand Speak Good: Adjectives Versus Adverbs As you can see from this table, the comparative and superlative degrees of adjectives and adverbs are formed differently...
... can write W @g B @W = @ @g @w11 @g ::: @w1n @g @wm1 @g @wmn ::: C A (3.9) Again, the notation @@g is just shorthand for the matrix gradient Let us look next at some examples on vector and ... and should in fact be time dependent Yet a third very convenient way to write such update rules, in conformity with programming languages, is w w w @ J (w) @ w 64 GRADIENTS AND OPTIMIZATION METHODS ... changes, and adapt quickly to the changing environment Example 3.6 In Chapter 6, on-line PCA is discussed One of the learning rules is as follows: w / xy wx y2 w (3.37) x where y = T and is a random...
... electronic versions and/ or custom covers and content particular to your business, training goals, marketing focus, and branding interests For more information, please contact: U.S Corporate and Government ... power of PHP and MySQL, to make static HTML pages dynamic The labs and exercises have been tested by myself, Marko, and our students I think you will find this “by Example book a helpful and complete ... provide improvements and enhancements to the new language By this time, there where thousands of users and approximately 50,000 Web sites running PHP/FI pages Zeev Suraski and Andi Gutmans, two...
... Started”) $filehandle = fopen("filename", "wb"); To close a file: fclose($filehandle); To read from a file: // Reads a line from file attached to $filehandle $string = fgets($filehandle); // Reads ... from "filename" $text = file_get_contents("filename"); To write to a file: // Writes $string to $filehandle fwrite($filehandle, $string); // Writes $string to "filename" file_put_contents("filename", ... Literals PHP supports both integers and floating-point numbers See Example 4.1 • Integers— Integers are whole numbers and not contain a decimal point; for example, 123 and –6 Integers can be expressed...
... (int)$result ".\n"; $result = $x and $y and $z; echo "$x and $y and $z yields " (int)$result ".\n"; $result = ($x and $y and $z); echo "($x and $y and $z) yields " (int)$result ... Meaning Example pow() Exponential expression echo pow(3,2); // 1000 rand(start,finish) Generate a random integer between start and finish echo rand(1,10); // echo rand(1,10); // echo rand(1,10); ... Logical Operators Example Name Result $a && $b And TRUE if both $a and $b are TRUE $a || $b Or TRUE if either $a or $b is TRUE $a and $b And TRUE if both $a and $b are TRUE...
... handle, string format [, mixed args mixed ]] ) [, Example: sprintf($filehandle, "%04d-%02d-%02d", $year, $month, $day); For more information on streams and files, see Chapter 11, “Files and ... uppercase “A” is represented as decimal 65 and an uppercase “B” as decimal 66, and so on On the other hand, a lowercase “a” is 97 and a lowercase “b” is 98, and so on If you compare “A” to “a,” you ... separator for the thousands and here we use a single space, rather than a comma, the thousands separator commonly used in most European countries This example is very similar...
... a/an ………… life A.rich and adventurous B.poor and quiet C.adventurous and poor D.rich and quiet 3.He was in favour of …………… A.self –teaching B.capitalist C.the rich D.the poor and socialism 14 4.He ... working to protect and save the forests that are in danger, to plant new trees for fuel wood and to slow down the Greenhouse Effect It encourages governments to think about the forests and their importance ... They reduce floods and droughts c They keep water clean and slow down the Greenhouse Effect d All are correct The most terrible destruction of tropical forests is …………… a farms and fields b fires...
... performing ICA For example, simple filtering of time-signals is often very useful in this respect, and so is dimension reduction by principal component analysis (PCA); see Sections 13.1.2 and 13.2.2 In ... noise is assumed to be additive This is a rather realistic assumption, standard in factor analysis and signal processing, and allows for a simple formulation of the noisy model Thus, the noisy ... observations x Denoting by z a nongaussian random variable, and by n a gaussian noise variable of variance , we should be able to express the relation between E fG(z )g and E fG(z + n)g in simple algebraic...
... and columns where one loop handles the rows and the other handles the columns The outside loop is initialized and tested; the inside loop then iterates completely through all of its cycles; and ... HTML entities, special symbols starting with an ampersand and terminated with a semicolon; for example, the < and > symbols are written as < and > If the user enters text that contains these ... $str1 to $str1? Write a script to generate a 4-‐letter random password with uppercase, lowercase, and numeric characters Store the password as a variable and display it.Start...
... Format random_key= array_rand ( array_name ); array_of_keys = array_rand( array_name, integer); Example: $colors=array("red","green","blue","yellow"); $random= array_rand($colors); // Returns a random ... array of that number of random keys will be returned.[5] See Examples 8.35 and 8.36 [5] As of PHP 4.2.0, there is no need to seed (give it a starting random point) the random number as it is now ... Randomizing an Array Randomizing an array means that you can select the keys or the values in random order Randomizing the Keys The array_rand() function lets you select one or more random entries from...
... identical, both the keys and values must be of the same data type, same value, and in the same order See Example 8.49 Example 8.49 Code View: Equality and Identity ... the random number generator (give it a different starting point) with srand(), but now that is done automatically To randomize a selected number of elements of an array, see the array_rand() ... longer necessary to seed the random number generator with srand(); that is, give it a random starting point The shuffle() function shuffles or randomizes the elements of the...
... called HTTP request methods (HTTP is the standard way of sending documents over the Web.[2]) The GET and POST methods are the two most common request types Essentially these methods perform the ... containing quotes and backslashes The PHP script in Example 10.5 demonstrates how the stripslashes() function handles this input Figure 10.10 The user enters quotes and backslashes Example 10.5 ... Transmission Protocol) methods, and how form information is transmitted from the browser to the server and back If you browse through the following HTML review section and feel comfortable with...
... "r"); $handle=fopen("myfile", "r+"); // Read andwrite $handle=fopen("myfile", "w"); // Write $handle=fopen(" /myfile", "rb"); // Read binary $handle=fopen("http://www.hostname.com/" ); $handle=fopen("ftp://www.hostname.com/" ... the group and the others (world) Set all to read, write, and execute on all files and in the current working directory User gets read and write, group and others ... Chapter 11, “Files and Directories,” we talk about files and how to open andclose them, read from them andwrite to them, copy them, lock them, upload them, compress them, and more, all from...
... file and returns the number of bytes written, but does not require a filehandle Otherwise it is the same as fwrite() and fputs() Format int fwrite ( filehandle, string, [ int length] ) Example: ... is_writable($filename)){ $filehandle=fopen($filename, "wb"); fwrite($filehandle, $outputstring, strlen($outputstring)); } else{ echo "Can't write to $filename."; exit(); } fclose($filehandle); ?> ... mode $handle = fopen("/home/marko/file.txt", "wb"); $handle = fopen("http://www.ellieq.com/", "w"); $handle = fopen("ftp://user:password@ellieq.com/myfile.txt", "a"); The fwrite() and fputs()...
... character class The symbols \d and \D represent a single digit and a single nondigit, respectively (the same as [0-9] and [^0-9]); \w and \W represent a single word character and a single nonword character, ... says search for Bob and look ahead to see if either Black or Jones are next, and if so, there is a match The parentheses will not capture and create $1, and the values Black and Jones will not ... characters, the first being the start of the range and the second the end of the range; for example, [0-9] represents one character in the range between andand [A-Za-z0-9] represents one alphanumeric...
... The Show and Describe Commands To see what type of data can be assigned to a table, use the DESCRIBE command, specific to MySQL, and SHOW FIELDS IN command, a standard SQL command The output ... database server, the most popular and most widely available being the mysql command-line client shown in Example 13.1 Example 13.1 $ mysql Welcome to the MySQL monitor Commands end with ; or \g Your ... create and drop both databases and tables Assuming you have been granted permission to create a database, you can it at the mysql command line or with the mysqladmin tool as in Example 13.10 Example...
... mysql _close( ) function The mysql _close( ) function closes the connection to the MySQL server referenced by the link Format bool mysql _close ( [resource link_identifier] Example: mysql _close( $link); ... opening and selecting the database, and for sending it SQL queries to create tables, update and delete them, retrieve records, and display the results You can create your HTML form, process it, and ... this example, we use the MySQL “test” database, and design just one simple table to store messages entered by random Web site visitors The following example provides the SQL CREATE TABLE command...